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Pronunciation |
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(hye
droe KOE done & fen il proe
pa NOLE a meen) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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Codamine®; Codamine® Pediatric;
Hycomine®; Hycomine® Pediatric; Hydrocodone PA®
Syrup |
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Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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Synonyms |
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Phenylpropanolamine and Hydrocodone |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Antitussive/Decongestant |
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Use |
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Symptomatic relief of cough and nasal congestion |
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Restrictions |
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C-III |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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C |
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Contraindications |
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Hypersensitivity to hydrocodone, phenylpropanolamine, or any component; MAO
inhibitor therapy; hypertension; hyperthyroidism; increased cranial pressure;
heart disease; diabetes; depressed ventilatory function |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Avoid use in severe pulmonary or liver disease. Use cautiously in the
elderly. May be habit-forming. Administer with same degree of caution
appropriate to use of other narcotic drugs. Produces dose-related respiratory
depression. Produces adverse reactions which may obscure the clinical course of
patients with head injuries. May obscure diagnosis or clinical course of
patients with acute abdominal conditions. |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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Incidence unknown:
Central nervous system: Sedation, drowsiness, mental clouding, lethargy,
impairment of mental and physical performance, anxiety, fear, dysphoria,
dizziness, psychic dependence, mood changes
Dermatologic: Rash, pruritus
Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, constipation with prolonged use
Genitourinary: Ureteral spasm, spasm of vesical sphincters and urinary
retention
Ocular: Blurred vision
Respiratory: Respiratory depression |
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Overdosage/Toxicology |
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Symptoms of overdose include respiratory depression, Cheyne-Stokes
respiration and cyanosis, extreme somnolence progressing to stupor or coma,
skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold clammy skin, sometimes bradycardia and
hypotension. Naloxone, 2 mg I.V. with repeat administration as necessary up to a
total of 10 mg, can also be used to reverse toxic effects of the
opiate. |
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Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Duration: Hydrocodone: 4-6 hours |
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Usual Dosage |
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Oral:
Adults: 5 mL every 4 hours, up to 6 doses/24 hours |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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Use with caution since phenylpropanolamine is a sympathomimetic amine which
could interact with epinephrine to cause a pressor response |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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Up to 10% of patients could experience tachycardia, palpitations, and dry
mouth; use vasoconstrictor with caution |
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Patient
Information |
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Take only as prescribed; do not exceed prescribed dose or frequency. May be
habit-forming. Maintain adequate hydration (2-3 L/day of fluids unless
instructed to restrict fluid intake). Avoid use of other depressants, alcohol,
or sleep-inducing medications, or tranquilizers or pain medications unless
approved by prescriber. You may experience orthostatic hypotension (change
position slowly when rising from sitting or lying or when climbing stairs);
drowsiness, impaired coordination, or blurred vision (use caution when driving
or engaging in tasks requiring alertness until response to drug is known);
nausea or vomiting (frequent small meals, frequent mouth care, chewing gum, or
sucking hard candy may help); or urinary retention (void before taking
medication). Report persistent CNS changes (dizziness, sedation, tremor,
anxiety, mood changes, or agitation), difficulty breathing, visual changes, pain
on urination or inability to void, or lack of improvement or worsening or
condition. Pregnancy/breast-feeding precautions: Inform prescriber if
you are or intend to be pregnant. Do not breast-feed. |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Dispense in a light-resistant container |
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Dosage Forms |
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Syrup:
Codamine® Pediatric, Hycomine®
Pediatric: Hydrocodone bitartrate 2.5 mg and phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride
12.5 mg per 5 mL (480 mL) |
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