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Pronunciation |
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(dye
KOO ma
role) |
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|
Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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Synonyms |
|
Bishydroxycoumarin |
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|
Pharmacological Index |
|
Anticoagulant, Coumarin Derivative |
|
|
Use |
|
Prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic disorders |
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|
Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
D |
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Contraindications |
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Severe liver or kidney disease; open wounds; uncontrolled bleeding;
hypersensitivity to dicumarol or any component |
|
|
Adverse
Reactions |
|
1% to 10%:
Gastrointestinal: Stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Hematologic: Leukopenia |
|
|
Drug
Interactions |
|
May accentuate toxicities of oral hypoglycemics and anticonvulsants. The
following will decrease prothrombin time - antacids, antihistamines,
phenobarbital, carbamazepine, cholestyramine, meprobamate, glutethimide,
ethchlorvynol, oral contraceptives, ranitidine, chloral hydrate, diuretics.
Increased prothrombin time due to allopurinol, amiodarone, cimetidine,
clofibrate, dextran, diazoxide, diflunisal, diuretics, disulfiram, fenoprofen,
ibuprofen, indomethacin, influenza virus vaccine, methyldopa, methylphenidate,
MAO inhibitors, naproxen, nortriptyline, phenytoin, propylthiouracil,
salicylates, quinidine, quinine, ranitidine, tolbutamide, thyroid drugs,
sulindac, co-trimoxazole |
|
|
Mechanism of
Action |
|
Interferes with hepatic synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors
(II, VII, IX, X) |
|
|
Usual Dosage |
|
Adults: Oral: 25-200 mg/day based on prothrombin time (PT)
determinations |
|
|
Dietary
Considerations |
|
Avoid proteolytic enzymes (papain), fried/boiled onions & soybean
oil |
|
|
Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
|
None reported |
|
|
Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
|
May cause leukopenia and agranulocytosis; use caution with clozapine and
carbamazepine; psychotropics may increase or decrease prothrombin times; monitor
prothrombin times |
|
|
Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
|
Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
Signs of dicumarol overdose may first appear as bleeding from gingival
tissue; consultation with prescribing physician is advisable prior to surgery to
determine temporary dose reduction or withdrawal of
medication |
|
|
Dosage Forms |
|
Tablet: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg |
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