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Pronunciation |
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(kar
bi NOKS a meen & soo doe e
FED rin) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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Biohist-LA®; Carbiset® Tablet;
Carbiset-TR® Tablet; Carbodec® Syrup; Carbodec®
Tablet; Carbodec® TR Tablet; Cardec-S® Syrup; Rondec®
Drops; Rondec®
Filmtab®; Rondec® Syrup; Rondec-TR® |
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Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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Synonyms |
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Pseudoephedrine and Carbinoxamine |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Adrenergic Agonist Agent; Antihistamine, H1 Blocker;
Decongestant |
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Use |
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Temporary relief of nasal congestion, running nose, sneezing, itching of nose
or throat, and itchy, watery eyes due to the common cold, hay fever, or other
respiratory allergies |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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C |
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Contraindications |
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Hypersensitivity to carbinoxamine or pseudoephedrine or any component; severe
hypertension or coronary artery disease, MAO inhibitor therapy, GI or GU
obstruction, narrow-angle glaucoma; avoid use in premature or term infants due
to a possible association with SIDS |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Narrow-angle glaucoma, bladder neck obstruction, symptomatic prostatic
hypertrophy, asthmatic attack, and stenosing peptic ulcer |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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>10%:
Central nervous system: Slight to moderate drowsiness
Respiratory: Thickening of bronchial secretions
1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Headache, fatigue, nervousness, dizziness
Gastrointestinal: Appetite increase, weight gain, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal
pain, xerostomia
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Arthralgia
Respiratory: Pharyngitis
<1%: Edema, palpitations, depression, angioedema, photosensitivity, rash,
hepatitis, myalgia, paresthesia, bronchospasm, epistaxis |
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Overdosage/Toxicology |
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Symptoms of overdose include dry mouth, flushed skin, dilated pupils, CNS
depression
There is no specific treatment for an antihistamine overdose, however, most
of its clinical toxicity is due to anticholinergic effects. Anticholinesterase
inhibitors including physostigmine, neostigmine, pyridostigmine, and edrophonium
may be useful by reducing acetylcholinesterase; for anticholinergic overdose
with severe life-threatening symptoms, physostigmine 1-2 mg (0.5 mg or 0.02
mg/kg for children) I.V., slowly may be given to reverse these effects.
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Drug
Interactions |
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Increased toxicity: Barbiturates, TCAs, MAO inhibitors, ethanolamine
antihistamines |
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Mechanism of
Action |
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Carbinoxamine competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on
effector cells in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and respiratory
tract |
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Usual Dosage |
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Oral:
Drops: 1-18 months: 0.25-1 mL 4 times/day
Syrup:
18 months to 6 years: 2.5 mL 3-4 times/day
>6 years: 5 mL 2-4 times/day
Adults:
Liquid: 5 mL 4 times/day
Tablets: 1 tablet 4 times/day |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic which has potential to enhance
vasoconstrictor effects of epinephrine; use local anesthetic with
vasoconstrictor with caution |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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1% to 10% of patients will experience dry mouth which disappears with
cessation of drug therapy |
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Patient
Information |
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Take as directed; do not exceed recommended dose. Maintain adequate hydration
(2-3 L/day of fluids unless instructed to restrict fluid intake). Avoid use of
other depressants, alcohol, or sleep-inducing medications unless approved by
prescriber. You may experience drowsiness, impaired coordination, blurred
vision, or increased anxiety (use caution when driving or engaging in tasks
requiring alertness until response to drug is known); or dry mouth or nausea
(frequent small meals, frequent mouth care, chewing gum, or sucking hard candy
may help). Report persistent dizziness, sedation, or agitation; difficulty
breathing or increased cough; changes in urinary pattern; muscle weakness; or
lack of improvement or worsening or condition. Pregnancy/breast-feeding
precautions: Inform prescriber if you are or intend to be pregnant. Do not
breast-feed. |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Raise bed rails; institute safety measures; assist with
ambulation |
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Dosage Forms |
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Drops: Carbinoxamine maleate 2 mg and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride 25 mg per
mL (30 mL with dropper)
Syrup: Carbinoxamine maleate 4 mg and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride 60 mg per
5 mL (120 mL, 480 mL)
Tablet:
Film-coated: Carbinoxamine maleate 4 mg and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride 60
mg
Extended release: Carbinoxamine maleate 8 mg and pseudoephedrine
hydrochloride 90 mg
Sustained release: Carbinoxamine maleate 8 mg and pseudoephedrine
hydrochloride 120 mg |
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