Amphotercin

dr.joan

5. Amphotercin:
Trade name: Amphocin, Fungizone
Class: Antibiotic, antifungal
Pregnancy: (Category

Action: amphotericin associates with ergosterol, a membrane chemical of fungi, forming a pore that leads to K+ leakage and fungal cell death
Uses:
Antifungal infection
Dose : by mouth, intestinal candidiasis, 100–200 mg every 6 hours; Infant and child, 100 mg 4 times daily
Prophylaxis Neonate 100 mg once daily
By intravenous infusion, systemic fungal infections, initial test dose of 1 mg over 20–30 minutes then 250 micrograms/kg daily, gradually increased if tolerated to 1 mg/kg daily; max. (severe infection) 1.5 mg/kg daily or on alternate days
Contraindications:
Allergic reaction to amphotericin
Side effects:

§ Burning, itching, redness, or other sign of irritation not present before use of this medicine, Skin rash, Dryness of skin.

§ Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, melena, abd. Cramps.
§ Fever, headache, thrombophlebitis, bone marrow depression, pancytopnea. Anaphylaxis.
Nursing considerations:
· The drug is toxic and should be used only for patients under close medical supervision with a relatively certain diagnosis of deep mycotic infections.
· I.V. adm. usually reserved for life threatening diseases because it is toxic.
· Treatment should be continued for at least 48 hr after clinical cure has been achieved to prevent relapse.