Aminophylline

dr.joan

5. Aminophylline:
Class:Antiasthmatic, bronchodilator
Pregnancy: (Category C)
Action: Relaxes smooth muscles of bronchi causing bronchodilation and increasing vital capacity of the lungs
Uses:
· Prophylaxis and treatment of bronchial asthma.
· Reversible bronchospasm associated with C.O.P.D.

Dose :
By mouth, 100–300 mg, 3–4 times daily, after food
slow intravenous injection: over at least 20 minutes" not previously treated with theophylline" (with close monitoring) (5 mg/kg)
Intravenous infusion: 0.3 – 0.7 mg/kg/hour
Contraindications:
· Hypersensitivity
· Hypotension
· Coronary artery disease (angina pectoris).

Side effects:
· Nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain.
· Rectal irritation following use of suppositories.
· Headache, dizziness, Hypotension, arrhythmias ( tachycardia)
· Aminophylline given by rapid I.V. may produce hypotension, flushing, precordial pain, Headache & dizziness.
Nursing considerations:
· Dilute drugs & maintain proper infusion rate.
· Assess client for any history of hypersensitivity.
· Obtain baseline blood pressure and pulse prior to starting therapy, monitor B.P. & pulse closely during therapy.
· Observe closely for signs of toxicity.
· To avoid epigastric pain (when administered orally) give the medication with meals.
· Monitor for serum level of theophylline.
· Instruct the client to increase intake of fluids to liquefy secretions.