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Pronunciation |
|
(spek
ti noe MYE
sin) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
|
Trobicin® |
|
|
Generic
Available |
|
No |
|
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Synonyms |
|
Spectinomycin Hydrochloride |
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|
Pharmacological Index |
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Antibiotic, Miscellaneous |
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|
Use |
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Treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea |
|
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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B |
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Contraindications |
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Hypersensitivity to spectinomycin or any component |
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|
Warnings/Precautions |
|
Since spectinomycin is ineffective in the treatment of syphilis and may mask
symptoms, all patients should be tested for syphilis at the time of diagnosis
and 3 months later. |
|
|
Adverse
Reactions |
|
<1%: Dizziness, headache, chills, urticaria, rash, pruritus, nausea,
vomiting, pain at injection site |
|
|
Overdosage/Toxicology |
|
Symptoms of overdose include paresthesia, dizziness, blurring of vision,
ototoxicity, renal damage, nausea, sleeplessness, decrease in
hemoglobin |
|
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Drug
Interactions |
|
No data reported |
|
|
Stability |
|
Use reconstituted solutions within 24 hours; reconstitute with supplied
diluent only |
|
|
Mechanism of
Action |
|
A bacteriostatic antibiotic that selectively binds to the 30s subunits of
ribosomes, and thereby inhibiting bacterial protein
synthesis |
|
|
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Duration: Up to 8 hours
Absorption: I.M.: Rapid and almost completely
Distribution: Concentrates in urine; does not distribute well into the saliva
Half-life: 1.7 hours
Elimination: Excreted almost entirely as unchanged drug in urine (70% to
100%) |
|
|
Usual Dosage |
|
I.M.:
<45 kg: 40 mg/kg/dose 1 time (ceftriaxone preferred)
greater than or equal to 45 kg: See adult dose
Children >8 years who are allergic to PCNS/cephalosporins may be treated
with oral tetracycline
Adults:
Uncomplicated urethral endocervical or rectal gonorrhea: 2 g deep I.M. or 4 g
where antibiotic resistance is prevalent 1 time; 4 g (10 mL) dose should be
given as two 5 mL injections, followed by doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7
days
Disseminated gonococcal infection: 2 g every 12 hours
Dosing adjustment in renal impairment: None necessary
Hemodialysis: 50% removed by hemodialysis |
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|
Administration |
|
For I.M. use only |
|
|
Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
|
May cause dizziness |
|
|
Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
|
None reported |
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|
Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
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|
Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
|
|
Patient
Information |
|
This medication can only be administered I.M. You will need to return for
follow-up blood tests. Breast-feeding precautions: Consult prescriber if
breast-feeding. |
|
|
Dosage Forms |
|
Powder for injection: 2 g, 4 g |
|
|
References |
|
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
"1993 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines," MMWR Morb Mortal
Wkly Rep, 1993, 42(RR-14). |
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