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Spectinomycin
Pronunciation
U.S. Brand Names
Generic Available
Synonyms
Pharmacological Index
Use
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Overdosage/Toxicology
Drug Interactions
Stability
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Usual Dosage
Administration
Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status
Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Dosage Forms
References

Pronunciation
(spek ti noe MYE sin)

U.S. Brand Names
Trobicin®

Generic Available

No


Synonyms
Spectinomycin Hydrochloride

Pharmacological Index

Antibiotic, Miscellaneous


Use

Treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea


Pregnancy Risk Factor

B


Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to spectinomycin or any component


Warnings/Precautions

Since spectinomycin is ineffective in the treatment of syphilis and may mask symptoms, all patients should be tested for syphilis at the time of diagnosis and 3 months later.


Adverse Reactions

<1%: Dizziness, headache, chills, urticaria, rash, pruritus, nausea, vomiting, pain at injection site


Overdosage/Toxicology

Symptoms of overdose include paresthesia, dizziness, blurring of vision, ototoxicity, renal damage, nausea, sleeplessness, decrease in hemoglobin


Drug Interactions

No data reported


Stability

Use reconstituted solutions within 24 hours; reconstitute with supplied diluent only


Mechanism of Action

A bacteriostatic antibiotic that selectively binds to the 30s subunits of ribosomes, and thereby inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis


Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Duration: Up to 8 hours

Absorption: I.M.: Rapid and almost completely

Distribution: Concentrates in urine; does not distribute well into the saliva

Half-life: 1.7 hours

Elimination: Excreted almost entirely as unchanged drug in urine (70% to 100%)


Usual Dosage

I.M.:

<45 kg: 40 mg/kg/dose 1 time (ceftriaxone preferred)

greater than or equal to 45 kg: See adult dose

Children >8 years who are allergic to PCNS/cephalosporins may be treated with oral tetracycline

Adults:

Uncomplicated urethral endocervical or rectal gonorrhea: 2 g deep I.M. or 4 g where antibiotic resistance is prevalent 1 time; 4 g (10 mL) dose should be given as two 5 mL injections, followed by doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days

Disseminated gonococcal infection: 2 g every 12 hours

Dosing adjustment in renal impairment: None necessary

Hemodialysis: 50% removed by hemodialysis


Administration

For I.M. use only


Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status

May cause dizziness


Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment

None reported


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

This medication can only be administered I.M. You will need to return for follow-up blood tests. Breast-feeding precautions: Consult prescriber if breast-feeding.


Dosage Forms

Powder for injection: 2 g, 4 g


References

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, "1993 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines," MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 1993, 42(RR-14).


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