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Pronunciation |
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(ar
aych oh (dee) i MYUN GLOB yoo lin
in tra MUS kue lar) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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Gamulin® Rh; HypRho®-D;
HypRho®-D Mini-Dose; MICRhoGAM™; Mini-Gamulin® Rh;
RhoGAM™ |
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Generic
Available |
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No |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Immune Globulin |
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Use |
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Prevention of isoimmunization in Rh-negative individuals exposed to
Rh-positive blood during delivery of an Rh-positive infant, as a result of an
abortion, following amniocentesis or abdominal trauma, or following a
transfusion accident; prevention of hemolytic disease of the newborn if there is
a subsequent pregnancy with an Rh-positive fetus |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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C |
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Contraindications |
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Rho(D)-positive patient; known hypersensitivity to immune
globulins or to thimerosal; transfusion of Rho(D)-positive blood in
previous 3 months; prior sensitization to Rho(D) |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Use with caution in patients with thrombocytopenia or bleeding disorders,
patients with IgA deficiency; do not inject I.V.; do not administer to
neonates |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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<1%: Lethargy, splenomegaly, elevated bilirubin, pain at the injection
site, myalgia, temperature elevation |
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Stability |
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Reconstituted solution should be refrigerated and will remain stable for 30
days; solutions that have been frozen should be discarded |
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Mechanism of
Action |
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Suppresses the immune response and antibody formation of Rh-negative
individuals to Rh-positive red blood cells |
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Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Distribution: Appears in breast milk; however, not absorbed by the nursing
infant
Half-life: 23-26 days |
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Usual Dosage |
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Adults (administered I.M. to mothers not to infant) I.M.:
Postpartum prophylaxis: 300 mcg within 72 hours of delivery
Antepartum prophylaxis: 300 mcg at approximately 26-28 weeks gestation;
followed by 300 mcg within 72 hours of delivery if infant is Rh-positive
Following miscarriage, abortion, or termination of ectopic pregnancy at up to
13 weeks of gestation: 50 mcg ideally within 3 hours, but may be given up to 72
hours after; if pregnancy has been terminated at 13 or more weeks of gestation,
administer 300 mcg |
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Administration |
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Give I.M. in deltoid muscle; do not give I.V.; the total volume can
be given in divided doses at different sites at one time or may be divided and
given at intervals, provided the total dosage is given within 72 hours of the
fetomaternal hemorrhage or transfusion. |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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No information available to require special precautions |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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No effects or complications reported |
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Patient
Information |
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Acetaminophen may be taken to ease minor discomfort after
vaccination |
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Dosage Forms |
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Injection: Each package contains one single dose 300 mcg of Rho
(D) immune globulin
Injection, microdose: Each package contains one single dose of microdose, 50
mcg of Rho (D) immune globulin |
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References |
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Hartwell EA,
"Use of Rh Immune Globulin: ASCP Practice Parameter. American Society of Clinical Pathologists,"
Am J Clin Pathol, 1998, 110(3):281-92.
"Rho(D) Immune Globulin I.V. for Prevention of Rh Isoimmunization and for Treatment of ITP,"
Med Lett Drugs Ther, 1996, 38(966):6-8.
Simpson KN, Coughlin CM, Eron J, et al,
"Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura: Treatment Patterns and an Analysis of Cost Associated With Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Anti-D Therapy,"
Semin Hematol, 1998, 35(1 Suppl 1):58-64.
Ware RE and Zimmerman SA, "Anti-D: Mechanisms of Action," Semin
Hematol, 1998, 35(1 Suppl 1):14-22.
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