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Rho(D) Immune Globulin (Intramuscular)
Pronunciation
U.S. Brand Names
Generic Available
Pharmacological Index
Use
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Stability
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Usual Dosage
Administration
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Dosage Forms
References

Pronunciation
(ar aych oh (dee) i MYUN GLOB yoo lin in tra MUS kue lar)

U.S. Brand Names
Gamulin® Rh; HypRho®-D; HypRho®-D Mini-Dose; MICRhoGAM™; Mini-Gamulin® Rh; RhoGAM™

Generic Available

No


Pharmacological Index

Immune Globulin


Use

Prevention of isoimmunization in Rh-negative individuals exposed to Rh-positive blood during delivery of an Rh-positive infant, as a result of an abortion, following amniocentesis or abdominal trauma, or following a transfusion accident; prevention of hemolytic disease of the newborn if there is a subsequent pregnancy with an Rh-positive fetus


Pregnancy Risk Factor

C


Contraindications

Rho(D)-positive patient; known hypersensitivity to immune globulins or to thimerosal; transfusion of Rho(D)-positive blood in previous 3 months; prior sensitization to Rho(D)


Warnings/Precautions

Use with caution in patients with thrombocytopenia or bleeding disorders, patients with IgA deficiency; do not inject I.V.; do not administer to neonates


Adverse Reactions

<1%: Lethargy, splenomegaly, elevated bilirubin, pain at the injection site, myalgia, temperature elevation


Stability

Reconstituted solution should be refrigerated and will remain stable for 30 days; solutions that have been frozen should be discarded


Mechanism of Action

Suppresses the immune response and antibody formation of Rh-negative individuals to Rh-positive red blood cells


Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Distribution: Appears in breast milk; however, not absorbed by the nursing infant

Half-life: 23-26 days


Usual Dosage

Adults (administered I.M. to mothers not to infant) I.M.:

Postpartum prophylaxis: 300 mcg within 72 hours of delivery

Antepartum prophylaxis: 300 mcg at approximately 26-28 weeks gestation; followed by 300 mcg within 72 hours of delivery if infant is Rh-positive

Following miscarriage, abortion, or termination of ectopic pregnancy at up to 13 weeks of gestation: 50 mcg ideally within 3 hours, but may be given up to 72 hours after; if pregnancy has been terminated at 13 or more weeks of gestation, administer 300 mcg


Administration

Give I.M. in deltoid muscle; do not give I.V.; the total volume can be given in divided doses at different sites at one time or may be divided and given at intervals, provided the total dosage is given within 72 hours of the fetomaternal hemorrhage or transfusion.


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

Acetaminophen may be taken to ease minor discomfort after vaccination


Dosage Forms

Injection: Each package contains one single dose 300 mcg of Rho (D) immune globulin

Injection, microdose: Each package contains one single dose of microdose, 50 mcg of Rho (D) immune globulin


References

Hartwell EA, "Use of Rh Immune Globulin: ASCP Practice Parameter. American Society of Clinical Pathologists," Am J Clin Pathol, 1998, 110(3):281-92.

"Rho(D) Immune Globulin I.V. for Prevention of Rh Isoimmunization and for Treatment of ITP," Med Lett Drugs Ther, 1996, 38(966):6-8.

Simpson KN, Coughlin CM, Eron J, et al, "Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura: Treatment Patterns and an Analysis of Cost Associated With Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Anti-D Therapy," Semin Hematol, 1998, 35(1 Suppl 1):58-64.

Ware RE and Zimmerman SA, "Anti-D: Mechanisms of Action," Semin Hematol, 1998, 35(1 Suppl 1):14-22.


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