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Pronunciation |
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(pi
RAN tel PAM oh
ate) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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Antiminth®[OTC]; Pin-Rid®[OTC];
Pin-X®[OTC]; Reese's® Pinworm Medicine
[OTC] |
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Generic
Available |
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No |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Anthelmintic |
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|
Use |
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Treatment of pinworms ( Enterobius vermicularis), whipworms (
Trichuris trichiura), roundworms ( Ascaris lumbricoides), and
hookworms ( Ancylostoma duodenale) |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
C |
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Contraindications |
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Known hypersensitivity to pyrantel pamoate |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Use with caution in patients with liver impairment, anemia, malnutrition, or
pregnancy. Since pinworm infections are easily spread to others, treat all
family members in close contact with the patient. |
|
|
Adverse
Reactions |
|
1% to 10%: Gastrointestinal: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps,
diarrhea
<1%: Dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia, headache, rash, elevated liver
enzymes, tenesmus, weakness |
|
|
Overdosage/Toxicology |
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Symptoms of overdose include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea,
ataxia
Treatment is supportive following GI decontamination |
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Drug
Interactions |
|
Decreased effect with piperazine |
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Stability |
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Protect from light |
|
|
Mechanism of
Action |
|
Causes the release of acetylcholine and inhibits cholinesterase; acts as a
depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, paralyzing the
helminths |
|
|
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Absorption: Oral: Poor
Metabolism: Undergoes partial hepatic metabolism
Time to peak serum concentration: Within 1-3 hours
Elimination: In feces (50% as unchanged drug) and urine (7% as unchanged
drug) |
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Usual Dosage |
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Children and Adults (purgation is not required prior to use): Oral:
Hookworm: 11 mg/kg administered once daily for 3 days |
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Administration |
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May be mixed with milk or fruit juice |
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Monitoring
Parameters |
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Stool for presence of eggs, worms, and occult blood, serum AST and
ALT |
|
|
Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
|
May cause dizziness, drowsiness, or insomnia |
|
|
Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
|
None reported |
|
|
Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
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|
Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
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Patient
Information |
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May mix drug with milk or fruit juice; strict hygiene is essential to prevent
reinfection |
|
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Nursing
Implications |
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Shake well before pouring to assure accurate dosage; protect from
light |
|
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Dosage Forms |
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Capsule: 180 mg
Liquid: 50 mg/mL (30 mL); 144 mg/mL (30 mL)
Suspension, oral (caramel-currant flavor): 50 mg/mL (60 mL)
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References |
|
"Drugs for Parasitic Infections," Med Lett Drugs Ther, 1998,
40(1017):1-12. |
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Copyright © 1978-2000 Lexi-Comp Inc. All Rights Reserved
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