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Pronunciation |
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(proe
PAR a
kane) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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AK-Taine®; Alcaine®;
I-Paracaine®; Ophthetic® |
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Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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Synonyms |
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Proparacaine Hydrochloride; Proxymetacaine |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Local Anesthetic |
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|
Use |
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Anesthesia for tonometry, gonioscopy; suture removal from cornea; removal of
corneal foreign body; cataract extraction, glaucoma surgery; short operative
procedure involving the cornea and conjunctiva |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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C |
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Contraindications |
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Known hypersensitivity to proparacaine |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Use with caution in patients with cardiac disease, hyperthyroidism; for
typical ophthalmic use only; prolonged use not recommended |
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|
Adverse
Reactions |
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1% to 10%: Local: Burning, stinging, redness
<1%: Arrhythmias, CNS depression, allergic contact dermatitis, irritation,
sensitization, lacrimation, keratitis, iritis, erosion of the corneal
epithelium, conjunctival congestion and hemorrhage, corneal opacification,
blurred vision, diaphoresis (increased) |
|
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Drug
Interactions |
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Increased effect of phenylephrine, tropicamide |
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Stability |
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Store in tight, light-resistant containers |
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Mechanism of
Action |
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Prevents initiation and transmission of impulse at the nerve cell membrane by
decreasing ion permeability through stabilizing |
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Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Onset of action: Within 20 seconds of instillation
Duration: 15-20 minutes |
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Usual Dosage |
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Children and Adults:
Tonometry, gonioscopy, suture removal: Instill 1-2 drops of 0.5% solution in
eye just prior to procedure |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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No information available to require special precautions |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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No effects or complications reported |
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Patient
Information |
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May slow wound healing; use sparingly, avoid touching or rubbing the eye
until anesthesia has worn off |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Do not use if discolored; protect eye from irritating chemicals, foreign
bodies, and blink reflex; use eye patch if necessary |
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Dosage Forms |
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Ophthalmic, solution, as hydrochloride: 0.5% (2 mL, 15
mL) |
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