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Proparacaine
Pronunciation
U.S. Brand Names
Generic Available
Synonyms
Pharmacological Index
Use
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Stability
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Usual Dosage
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Nursing Implications
Dosage Forms

Pronunciation
(proe PAR a kane)

U.S. Brand Names
AK-Taine®; Alcaine®; I-Paracaine®; Ophthetic®

Generic Available

Yes


Synonyms
Proparacaine Hydrochloride; Proxymetacaine

Pharmacological Index

Local Anesthetic


Use

Anesthesia for tonometry, gonioscopy; suture removal from cornea; removal of corneal foreign body; cataract extraction, glaucoma surgery; short operative procedure involving the cornea and conjunctiva


Pregnancy Risk Factor

C


Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to proparacaine


Warnings/Precautions

Use with caution in patients with cardiac disease, hyperthyroidism; for typical ophthalmic use only; prolonged use not recommended


Adverse Reactions

1% to 10%: Local: Burning, stinging, redness

<1%: Arrhythmias, CNS depression, allergic contact dermatitis, irritation, sensitization, lacrimation, keratitis, iritis, erosion of the corneal epithelium, conjunctival congestion and hemorrhage, corneal opacification, blurred vision, diaphoresis (increased)


Drug Interactions

Increased effect of phenylephrine, tropicamide


Stability

Store in tight, light-resistant containers


Mechanism of Action

Prevents initiation and transmission of impulse at the nerve cell membrane by decreasing ion permeability through stabilizing


Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Onset of action: Within 20 seconds of instillation

Duration: 15-20 minutes


Usual Dosage

Children and Adults:

Tonometry, gonioscopy, suture removal: Instill 1-2 drops of 0.5% solution in eye just prior to procedure


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

May slow wound healing; use sparingly, avoid touching or rubbing the eye until anesthesia has worn off


Nursing Implications

Do not use if discolored; protect eye from irritating chemicals, foreign bodies, and blink reflex; use eye patch if necessary


Dosage Forms

Ophthalmic, solution, as hydrochloride: 0.5% (2 mL, 15 mL)


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