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Pronunciation |
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(poe
TASS ee um FOS fate & SOW dee
um FOS fate) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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K-Phos® Neutral; Neutra-Phos®;
Uro-KP-Neutral® |
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Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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Synonyms |
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Sodium Phosphate and Potassium Phosphate |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Electrolyte Supplement, Oral |
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Use |
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Treatment of conditions associated with excessive renal phosphate loss or
inadequate GI absorption of phosphate; to acidify the urine to lower calcium
concentrations; to increase the antibacterial activity of methenamine; reduce
odor and rash caused by ammonia in urine |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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C |
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Contraindications |
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Addison's disease, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, infected urolithiasis or
struvite stone formation, patients with severely impaired renal
function |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Use with caution in patients with renal disease, hyperkalemia, cardiac
disease and metabolic alkalosis |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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>10%: Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, flatulence,
vomiting
1% to 10%:
Cardiovascular: Bradycardia
Endocrine & metabolic: Hyperkalemia
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Weakness
Respiratory: Dyspnea
<1%: Arrhythmia, chest pain, edema, mental confusion, tetany (with large
doses of phosphate), alkalosis, weight gain, throat pain, decreased urine
output, phlebitis, paresthesias, paralysis, pain/weakness of extremities, bone
pain, arthralgia, acute renal failure, shortness of breath, thirst
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Overdosage/Toxicology |
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Symptoms of overdose include muscle weakness, paralysis, peaked T waves,
flattened P waves, prolongation of QRS complex, ventricular arrhythmias, tetany,
calcium phosphate precipitation
Removal of potassium can be accomplished by various means; removal through
the GI tract with Kayexalate® administration; by way of
the kidney through diuresis, mineralocorticoid administration or increased
sodium intake; by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis; or by shifting potassium
back into the cells by insulin and glucose infusion; calcium chloride reverses
cardiac effects. |
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Drug
Interactions |
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Decreased effect/levels with aluminum and magnesium-containing antacids or
sucralfate which can act as phosphate binders
Increased effect/levels with potassium-sparing diuretics or ACE inhibitors;
salicylates |
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Usual Dosage |
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All dosage forms to be mixed in 6-8 oz of water prior to administration
Adults: 1-2 capsules (250-500 mg phosphorus/8-16 mmol) 4 times/day after
meals and at bedtime |
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Dietary
Considerations |
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Should be administered after meals |
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Monitoring
Parameters |
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Serum potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphate, EKG |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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No information available to require special precautions |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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No effects or complications reported |
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Patient
Information |
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Do not swallow, open capsule and dissolve in 6-8 oz of water; powder packets
are to be mixed in 6-8 oz of water; tablets should be crushed and mixed in 6-8
oz of water |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Tablets may be crushed and stirred vigorously to speed
dissolution |
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Dosage Forms |
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See table in Potassium Phosphate
monograph |
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