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Plague Vaccine
Pronunciation
Generic Available
Pharmacological Index
Use
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Action
Usual Dosage
Administration
Test Interactions
Nursing Implications
Dosage Forms

Pronunciation
(plaig vak SEEN)

Generic Available

No


Pharmacological Index

Vaccine


Use

Selected travelers to countries reporting cases for whom avoidance of rodents and fleas is impossible; all laboratory and field personnel working with Yersinia pestis organisms possibly resistant to antimicrobials; those engaged in Yersinia pestis aerosol experiments or in field operations in areas with enzootic plague where regular exposure to potentially infected wild rodents, rabbits, or their fleas cannot be prevented. Prophylactic antibiotics may be indicated following definite exposure, whether or not the exposed persons have been vaccinated.


Pregnancy Risk Factor

C


Contraindications

Persons with known hypersensitivity to any of the vaccine constituents (see manufacturer's label); patients who have had severe local or systemic reactions to a previous dose; defer immunization in patients with a febrile illness until resolved


Warnings/Precautions

Pregnancy, unless there is substantial and unavoidable risk of exposure; the expected immune response may not be obtained if plague vaccine is administered to immunosuppressed persons or patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy; be prepared with epinephrine injection (1:1000) in cases of anaphylaxis


Adverse Reactions

All serious adverse reactions must be reported to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) 1-800-822-7967.

Central nervous system: Malaise (10%), fever, headache (7% to 20%)

Dermatologic: Tenderness (20% to 80%)

<1%: Tachycardia, nausea (3% to 13%), vomiting, local erythema (4.5%), sterile abscess


Drug Interactions

Decreased effect with immunoglobulin, other live vaccine used within 1 month; accentuated side effects may occur if given on the same occasion as cholera vaccine or AKD or H-P typhoid vaccine


Mechanism of Action

Promotes active immunity to plague in high-risk individuals.


Usual Dosage

Three I.M. doses: First dose 1 mL, second dose (0.2 mL) 1 month later, third dose (0.2 mL) 5 months after the second dose; booster doses (0.2 mL) at 1- to 2-year intervals if exposure continues


Administration

I.M. into deltoid muscle


Test Interactions

Temporary suppression of tuberculosis skin test


Nursing Implications

Federal law requires that the date of administration, the vaccine manufacturer, lot number of vaccine, and the administering person's name, title and address be entered into the patient's permanent medical record


Dosage Forms

Injection: 2 mL, 20 mL


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