| Pronunciation |
 (fen
SUKS i
mide) |
 |
| U.S. Brand Names |
| Milontin® |
|
| Generic Available |
|
No |
|
| Pharmacological Index |
|
Anticonvulsant, Succinimide |
|
| Use |
|
Control of absence (petit mal) seizures |
|
| Pregnancy Risk Factor |
|
D |
|
| Contraindications |
|
Intermittent porphyria |
|
| Warnings/Precautions |
|
Use with caution in patients with hepatic or renal disease; abrupt withdrawal of the drug may precipitate absence status |
|
| Adverse Reactions |
|
Central nervous system: Ataxia, drowsiness, sedation, dizziness, lethargy, euphoria, headache, irritability, hyperactivity, fatigue, night terrors, disturbance in sleep, inability to concentrate, aggressiveness, mental depression, paranoid psychosis Dermatologic: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, SLE, rash, hirsutism Endocrine & metabolic: Increased libido Gastrointestinal: Weight loss, gastric upset, cramps, epigastric pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain Genitourinary: Vaginal bleeding, microscopic hematuria Hematologic: Leukopenia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia, eosinophilia Ocular: Myopia Miscellaneous: Hiccups |
|
| Drug Interactions |
|
Phenytoin, carbamazepine, primidone, phenobarbital may increase the hepatic metabolism of phensuximide Isoniazid may inhibit hepatic metabolism of phensuximide with a resultant increase in phensuximide serum concentrations Phensuximide may elevate phenytoin levels Valproate acid has been reported to both increase and decrease phensuximide levels |
|
| Mechanism of Action |
|
Increases the seizure threshold and suppresses paroxysmal spike-and-wave pattern in absence seizures; depresses nerve transmission in the motor cortex |
|
| Usual Dosage |
|
Children and Adults: Oral: 0.5-1 g 2-3 times/day |
|
| Dietary Considerations |
|
May be administered with food |
|
| Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
| Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
|
| Patient Information |
|
Take with food; do not discontinue abruptly; may cause drowsiness and impair judgment |
|
| Nursing Implications |
|
Do not discontinue abruptly; may cause drowsiness and impair judgment |
|
| Dosage Forms |
|
Capsule: 500 mg |
|
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|
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