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Pronunciation |
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(fen
az oh PEER i
deen) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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Azo-Standard®[OTC];
Baridium®[OTC]; Prodium®[OTC]; Pyridiate®;
Pyridium®; Urodine®; Urogesic® |
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Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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Canadian Brand
Names |
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Phenazo; Pyronium®; Vito
Reins® |
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Synonyms |
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Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride; Phenylazo Diamino Pyridine
Hydrochloride |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Analgesic, Urinary |
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Use |
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Symptomatic relief of urinary burning, itching, frequency and urgency in
association with urinary tract infection or following urologic
procedures |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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B |
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Contraindications |
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Hypersensitivity to phenazopyridine or any component; kidney or liver
disease |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Does not treat infection, acts only as an analgesic; drug should be
discontinued if skin or sclera develop a yellow color; use with caution in
patients with renal impairment. Use of this agent in the elderly is limited
since accumulation of phenazopyridine can occur in patients with renal
insufficiency. It should not be used in patients with a Clcr <50
mL/minute. |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Headache, dizziness
Gastrointestinal: Stomach cramps
<1%: Vertigo, skin pigmentation, rash, methemoglobinemia, hemolytic
anemia, hepatitis, acute renal failure |
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Overdosage/Toxicology |
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Symptoms of overdose include methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, skin
pigmentation, renal and hepatic impairment
Antidote is methylene blue 1-2 mg/kg I.V. for methemoglobinemia
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Drug
Interactions |
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No data reported |
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Mechanism of
Action |
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An azo dye which exerts local anesthetic or analgesic action on urinary tract
mucosa through an unknown mechanism |
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Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Metabolism: In the liver and other tissues
Elimination: In urine (where it exerts its action); renal excretion (as
unchanged drug) is rapid and accounts for 65% of the drug's elimination
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Usual Dosage |
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Oral:
Adults: 100-200 mg 3 times/day after meals for 2 days when used concomitantly
with an antibacterial agent
Dosing interval in renal impairment:
Clcr 50-80 mL/minute: Administer every 8-16 hours
Clcr <50 mL/minute: Avoid use |
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Dietary
Considerations |
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Should be administered after meals |
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Test
Interactions |
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Phenazopyridine may cause delayed reactions with glucose oxidase reagents
(Clinistix®, Tes-Tape®); occasional
false-positive tests occur with Tes-Tape®; cupric sulfate
tests (Clinitest®) are not affected; interference may also
occur with urine ketone tests (Acetest®,
Ketostix®) and urinary protein tests; tests for urinary
steroids and porphyrins may also occur |
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Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
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May cause dizziness |
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Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
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None reported |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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No information available to require special precautions |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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No effects or complications reported |
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Patient
Information |
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Take prescribed dose after meals. May discolor urine (orange/yellow) or feces
(orange/red); this is normal but will stain fabric. Report persistent headache,
dizziness, or stomach cramping. Breast-feeding precautions: Consult
prescriber if breast-feeding. |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Colors urine orange or red; stains clothing and is difficult to
remove |
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Dosage Forms |
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Tablet, as hydrochloride:
Baridium®, Geridium®,
Pyridiate®, Pyridium®,
Urodine®, Urogesic®: 100 mg
Geridium®, Phenazodine®,
Pyridium®, Urodine®: 200 mg
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Extemporaneous
Preparations |
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A 10 mg/mL suspension may be made by crushing three 200 mg tablets. Mix with
a small amount of distilled water or glycerin. Add 20 mL
Cologel® and levigate until a uniform mixture is obtained.
Add sufficient 2:1 simple syrup/cherry syrup mixture to make a final volume of
60 mL. Store in an amber container. Label "shake well". Stability is 60 days
refrigerated. |
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