Look Up > Drugs > Phenazopyridine
Phenazopyridine
Pronunciation
U.S. Brand Names
Generic Available
Canadian Brand Names
Synonyms
Pharmacological Index
Use
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Overdosage/Toxicology
Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Usual Dosage
Dietary Considerations
Test Interactions
Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status
Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Nursing Implications
Dosage Forms
Extemporaneous Preparations

Pronunciation
(fen az oh PEER i deen)

U.S. Brand Names
Azo-Standard®[OTC]; Baridium®[OTC]; Prodium®[OTC]; Pyridiate®; Pyridium®; Urodine®; Urogesic®

Generic Available

Yes


Canadian Brand Names
Phenazo; Pyronium®; Vito Reins®

Synonyms
Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride; Phenylazo Diamino Pyridine Hydrochloride

Pharmacological Index

Analgesic, Urinary


Use

Symptomatic relief of urinary burning, itching, frequency and urgency in association with urinary tract infection or following urologic procedures


Pregnancy Risk Factor

B


Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to phenazopyridine or any component; kidney or liver disease


Warnings/Precautions

Does not treat infection, acts only as an analgesic; drug should be discontinued if skin or sclera develop a yellow color; use with caution in patients with renal impairment. Use of this agent in the elderly is limited since accumulation of phenazopyridine can occur in patients with renal insufficiency. It should not be used in patients with a Clcr <50 mL/minute.


Adverse Reactions

1% to 10%:

Central nervous system: Headache, dizziness

Gastrointestinal: Stomach cramps

<1%: Vertigo, skin pigmentation, rash, methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, acute renal failure


Overdosage/Toxicology

Symptoms of overdose include methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, skin pigmentation, renal and hepatic impairment

Antidote is methylene blue 1-2 mg/kg I.V. for methemoglobinemia


Drug Interactions

No data reported


Mechanism of Action

An azo dye which exerts local anesthetic or analgesic action on urinary tract mucosa through an unknown mechanism


Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Metabolism: In the liver and other tissues

Elimination: In urine (where it exerts its action); renal excretion (as unchanged drug) is rapid and accounts for 65% of the drug's elimination


Usual Dosage

Oral:

Adults: 100-200 mg 3 times/day after meals for 2 days when used concomitantly with an antibacterial agent

Dosing interval in renal impairment:

Clcr 50-80 mL/minute: Administer every 8-16 hours

Clcr <50 mL/minute: Avoid use


Dietary Considerations

Should be administered after meals


Test Interactions

Phenazopyridine may cause delayed reactions with glucose oxidase reagents (Clinistix®, Tes-Tape®); occasional false-positive tests occur with Tes-Tape®; cupric sulfate tests (Clinitest®) are not affected; interference may also occur with urine ketone tests (Acetest®, Ketostix®) and urinary protein tests; tests for urinary steroids and porphyrins may also occur


Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status

May cause dizziness


Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment

None reported


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

Take prescribed dose after meals. May discolor urine (orange/yellow) or feces (orange/red); this is normal but will stain fabric. Report persistent headache, dizziness, or stomach cramping. Breast-feeding precautions: Consult prescriber if breast-feeding.


Nursing Implications

Colors urine orange or red; stains clothing and is difficult to remove


Dosage Forms

Tablet, as hydrochloride:

Baridium®, Geridium®, Pyridiate®, Pyridium®, Urodine®, Urogesic®: 100 mg

Geridium®, Phenazodine®, Pyridium®, Urodine®: 200 mg


Extemporaneous Preparations

A 10 mg/mL suspension may be made by crushing three 200 mg tablets. Mix with a small amount of distilled water or glycerin. Add 20 mL Cologel® and levigate until a uniform mixture is obtained. Add sufficient 2:1 simple syrup/cherry syrup mixture to make a final volume of 60 mL. Store in an amber container. Label "shake well". Stability is 60 days refrigerated.


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