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Oxymetholone
Pronunciation
U.S. Brand Names
Generic Available
Canadian Brand Names
Pharmacological Index
Use
Restrictions
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Overdosage/Toxicology
Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Usual Dosage
Monitoring Parameters
Test Interactions
Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status
Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Nursing Implications
Dosage Forms

Pronunciation
(oks i METH oh lone)

U.S. Brand Names
Anadrol®

Generic Available

No


Canadian Brand Names
Anapolon®

Pharmacological Index

Anabolic Steroid


Use

Anemias caused by the administration of myelotoxic drugs


Restrictions

C-III


Pregnancy Risk Factor

X


Contraindications

Carcinoma of breast or prostate, nephrosis, pregnancy, hypersensitivity to any component


Warnings/Precautions

Anabolic steroids may cause peliosis hepatis, liver cell tumors, and blood lipid changes with increased risk of arteriosclerosis; monitor diabetic patients carefully; use with caution in elderly patients, they may be at greater risk for prostatic hypertrophy; use with caution in patients with cardiac, renal, or hepatic disease or epilepsy


Adverse Reactions

Male:

Postpubertal:

>10%:

Dermatologic: Acne

Endocrine & metabolic: Gynecomastia

Genitourinary: Bladder irritability, priapism

1% to 10%:

Central nervous system: Insomnia, chills

Endocrine & metabolic: Decreased libido

Gastrointestinal: Nausea, diarrhea

Genitourinary: Prostatic hypertrophy (elderly)

Hematologic: Iron deficiency anemia, suppression of clotting factors

Hepatic: Hepatic dysfunction

<1%: Hepatic necrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma

Prepubertal:

>10%:

Dermatologic: Acne

Endocrine & metabolic: Virilism

1% to 10%:

Central nervous system: Chills, insomnia

Dermatologic: Hyperpigmentation

Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, nausea

Hematologic: Iron deficiency anemia, suppression of clotting factors

<1%: Hepatic necrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma

Female:

>10%: Endocrine & metabolic: Virilism

1% to 10%:

Central nervous system: Chills, insomnia

Endocrine & metabolic: Hypercalcemia

Gastrointestinal: Nausea, diarrhea

Hematologic: Iron deficiency anemia, suppression of clotting factors

Hepatic: Hepatic dysfunction

<1%: Hepatic necrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma


Overdosage/Toxicology

Abnormal liver function test


Drug Interactions

Increased toxicity: Increased oral anticoagulants, insulin requirements may be decreased


Mechanism of Action

Stimulates receptors in organs and tissues to promote growth and development of male sex organs and maintains secondary sex characteristics in androgen-deficient males


Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Onset: 2-6 months

Half-life: 9 hours

Elimination: Renal, 20% to 25%


Usual Dosage

Adults: Erythropoietic effects: Oral: 1-5 mg/kg/day in one daily dose; usual effective dose: 1-2 mg/kg/day; give for a minimum trial of 3-6 months because response may be delayed

Mild to moderate hepatic impairment: Oxymetholone should be used with caution in patients with liver dysfunction because of it's hepatotoxic potential

Severe hepatic impairment: Oxymetholone should not be used


Monitoring Parameters

Liver function tests


Test Interactions

Altered glucose tolerance tests, altered thyroid function tests, altered metyrapone tests


Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status

May cause insomnia


Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment

None reported


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

Take as directed; do not exceed recommended dosage. If diabetic, monitor serum glucose closely and notify prescriber of changes; this medication can alter hypoglycemic requirements. You may experience acne, growth of body hair or baldness, deepening of voice, loss of libido, impotence, swelling of breasts, menstrual irregularity, or priapism (most are reversible); drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision (use caution driving or engaging in tasks that require alertness until response to drug is known); or nausea or vomiting (small frequent meals and good mouth care may help). Report persistent GI distress or diarrhea; change in color of urine or stool; yellowing of eyes or skin; swelling of ankles, feet, or hands; unusual bruising or bleeding; or other adverse reactions. Pregnancy/breast-feeding precautions: Inform prescriber if you are pregnant. Do not get pregnant during or for 1 month following therapy. Consult prescriber for instruction on appropriate barrier contraceptive measures. This drug may cause severe fetal defects. Consult prescriber if breast-feeding.


Nursing Implications

Monitor liver function tests


Dosage Forms

Tablet: 50 mg


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