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Creatine | ||
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| Pronunciation |
 (oks
i met AZ oh
leen) |
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| U.S. Brand Names |
| Afrin® Children's Nose Drops [OTC]; Afrin® Sinus [OTC]; Allerest® 12 Hour Nasal Solution [OTC]; Chlorphed®-LA Nasal Solution [OTC]; Dristan® Long Lasting Nasal Solution [OTC]; Duramist® Plus [OTC]; Duration® Nasal Solution [OTC]; Nostrilla®[OTC]; NTZ® Long Acting Nasal Solution [OTC]; OcuClear® Ophthalmic [OTC]; Sinarest® 12 Hour Nasal Solution; Sinex® Long-Acting [OTC]; Twice-A-Day® Nasal [OTC]; Visine® L.R. Ophthalmic [OTC]; 4-Way® Long Acting Nasal Solution [OTC] |
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| Generic Available |
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Yes |
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| Synonyms |
| Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride |
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| Pharmacological Index |
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Adrenergic Agonist Agent; Vasoconstrictor |
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| Use |
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Dental: Symptomatic relief of nasal mucosal congestion Medical: Adjunctive therapy of middle ear infections, associated with acute or chronic rhinitis, the common cold, sinusitis, hay fever, or other allergies Ophthalmic: Relief of redness of eye due to minor eye irritations |
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| Pregnancy Risk Factor |
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C |
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| Contraindications |
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Hypersensitivity to oxymetazoline or any component |
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| Warnings/Precautions |
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Rebound congestion may occur with extended use (>3 days); use with caution in the presence of hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, coronary artery disease, cerebral arteriosclerosis, or long-standing bronchial asthma |
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| Adverse Reactions |
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>10%: Local: Transient burning, stinging Respiratory: Dryness of the nasal mucosa, sneezing 1% to 10%: Cardiovascular: Hypertension, palpitations Respiratory: Rebound congestion with prolonged use |
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| Drug Interactions |
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Increased toxicity with MAO inhibitors |
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| Stability |
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Do not use if solution changes colors or becomes cloudy |
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| Mechanism of Action |
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Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the nasal mucosa to produce vasoconstriction |
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| Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Onset of effect: Intranasal: Within 5-10 minutes Duration: 5-6 hours |
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| Usual Dosage |
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Intranasal (therapy should not exceed 3-5 days): Children greater than or equal to 6 years and Adults: 0.05% solution: Instill 2-3 drops or 2-3 sprays into each nostril twice daily |
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| Dietary Considerations |
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No data reported |
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| Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions |
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No information available to require special precautions |
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| Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment |
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No effects or complications reported |
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| Patient Information |
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Should not be used for self-medication for longer than 3 days, if symptoms persist, drug should be discontinued and a physician consulted; notify physician of insomnia, tremor, or irregular heartbeat; burning, stinging, or drying of the nasal mucosa may occur |
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| Nursing Implications |
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Spray/drops should not be used for >3 days without direct physician supervision |
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| Dosage Forms |
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Solution, nasal: Drops, pediatric: 0.025% (20 mL) Spray: 0.05% (15 mL, 30 mL) |
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