|
Pronunciation |
|
(lye
PRES
in) |
|
|
U.S. Brand
Names |
|
Diapid® Nasal
Spray |
|
|
Generic
Available |
|
No |
|
|
Synonyms |
|
8- L-Lysine Vasopressin |
|
|
Pharmacological Index |
|
Antidiuretic Hormone Analog |
|
|
Use |
|
Controls or prevents signs and complications of neurogenic diabetes
insipidus |
|
|
Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
C |
|
|
Contraindications |
|
Known hypersensitivity to lypressin |
|
|
Warnings/Precautions |
|
Use with caution in patients with coronary artery
disease |
|
|
Adverse
Reactions |
|
1% to 10%:
Cardiovascular: Chest tightness
Central nervous system: Dizziness, headache
Endocrine & metabolic: Water intoxication
Gastrointestinal: Abdominal cramping, increased bowel movements
Local: Irritation or burning
Respiratory: Coughing, dyspnea, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion
<1%: Inadvertent inhalation |
|
|
Overdosage/Toxicology |
|
Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, headache, confusion, weight gain,
hypertension; systemic toxicity is unlikely to occur from the nasal
spray |
|
|
Drug
Interactions |
|
Increased effect: Chlorpropamide, clofibrate, carbamazepine
prolongation of
antidiuretic
effects |
|
|
Mechanism of
Action |
|
Increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) which increases water
permeability at the renal tubule resulting in decreased urine volume and
increased osmolality; causes peristalsis by directly stimulating the smooth
muscle in the GI tract |
|
|
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
Onset of antidiuretic effect: Intranasal spray: Within 0.5-2 hours
Duration: 3-8 hours
Metabolism: In the liver and kidneys
Half-life: 15-20 minutes
Elimination: Urinary excretion |
|
|
Usual Dosage |
|
Children and Adults: Instill 1-2 sprays into one or both nostrils whenever
frequency of urination increases or significant thirst develops; usual dosage is
1-2 sprays 4 times/day; range: 1 spray/day at bedtime to 10 sprays each nostril
every 3-4 hours |
|
|
Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
|
May cause dizziness |
|
|
Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
|
Carbamazepine may produce prolongation of antidiuretic
effects |
|
|
Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
|
Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
|
|
Patient
Information |
|
To control nocturia, an additional dose may be given at bedtime. Notify
prescriber if drowsiness, fatigue, headache, shortness of breath, abdominal
cramps, or severe nasal irritation occurs. Pregnancy precautions: Inform
prescriber if you are or intend to be pregnant. |
|
|
Nursing
Implications |
|
Approximately 2 USP posterior pituitary pressor units per
spray |
|
|
Dosage Forms |
|
Spray: 0.185 mg/mL (equivalent to 50 USP posterior pituitary units/mL) (8
mL) |
|
Copyright © 1978-2000 Lexi-Comp Inc. All Rights Reserved
|