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Hexachlorophene
Pronunciation
U.S. Brand Names
Generic Available
Pharmacological Index
Use
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Overdosage/Toxicology
Drug Interactions
Stability
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Usual Dosage
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Nursing Implications
Dosage Forms
References

Pronunciation
(heks a KLOR oh feen)

U.S. Brand Names
pHisoHex®; Septisol®

Generic Available

Yes


Pharmacological Index

Antibacterial, Topical


Use

Surgical scrub and as a bacteriostatic skin cleanser; control an outbreak of gram-positive infection when other procedures have been unsuccessful


Pregnancy Risk Factor

C


Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to halogenated phenol derivatives or hexachlorophene; use in premature infants; use on burned or denuded skin; occlusive dressing; application to mucous membranes


Warnings/Precautions

Discontinue use if signs of cerebral irritability occur; exposure of preterm infants or patients with extensive burns has been associated with apnea, convulsions, agitation and coma; do not use for bathing infants, premature infants are particularly susceptible to hexachlorophene topical absorption


Adverse Reactions

<1%: CNS injury, seizures, irritability, photosensitivity, dermatitis, redness, dry skin


Overdosage/Toxicology

Symptoms of overdose include anorexia, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, dehydration, seizures, hypotension, shock

Treatment is supportive


Drug Interactions

No data reported


Stability

Store in nonmetallic container ( incompatible with many metals); prolonged direct exposure to strong light may cause brownish surface discoloration, but this does not affect its action


Mechanism of Action

Bacteriostatic polychlorinated biphenyl which inhibits membrane-bound enzymes and disrupts the cell membrane


Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Absorption: Percutaneously through inflamed, excoriated, and intact skin

Distribution: Crosses the placenta

Half-life: Infants: 6.1-44.2 hours


Usual Dosage

Children and Adults: Topical: Apply 5 mL cleanser and water to area to be cleansed; lather and rinse thoroughly under running water


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

Do not leave on skin for prolonged contact; for external use only; discontinue product if condition persists or worsens and call physician; if suds enter eye, rinse out thoroughly with water


Nursing Implications

Do not use for bathing infants; premature infants are particularly susceptible to hexachlorophene topical absorption


Dosage Forms

Foam (Septisol®): 0.23% with alcohol 56% (180 mL, 600 mL)

Liquid, topical (pHisoHex®): 3% (8 mL, 150 mL, 500 mL, 3840 mL)


References

Halling H, "Suspected Link Between Exposure to Hexachlorophene and Malformed Infants," Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1979, 320:426-35.

Lester RS, "Topical Formulary for the Pediatrician," Pediatr Clin North Am, 1983, 30(4):749-65.

Lockhart JD, "How Toxic is Hexachlorophene?" Pediatrics, 1972, 50(2):229-35.

Marquardt ED, "Hexachlorophene Toxicity in a Pediatric Burn Patient," Drug Intell Clin Pharm, 1986, 20(7-8):624.

Nagy L and Orosz M, "Occupational Asthma Due to Hexachlorophene," Thorax, 1984, 39(8):630-1.


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