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Guaifenesin and Codeine
Pronunciation
U.S. Brand Names
Generic Available
Synonyms
Pharmacological Index
Use
Restrictions
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Action
Usual Dosage
Dietary Considerations
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Nursing Implications
Dosage Forms

Pronunciation
(gwye FEN e sin & KOE deen)

U.S. Brand Names
Brontex® Liquid; Brontex® Tablet; Cheracol®; Guaituss AC®; Guiatussin® With Codeine; Mytussin® AC; Robafen® AC; Robitussin® A-C; Tussi-Organidin® NR

Generic Available

Yes


Synonyms
Codeine and Guaifenesin

Pharmacological Index

Antitussive; Cough Preparation; Expectorant


Use

Temporary control of cough due to minor throat and bronchial irritation


Restrictions

C-V


Pregnancy Risk Factor

C


Adverse Reactions

Codeine:

>10%:

Central nervous system: Drowsiness

Gastrointestinal: Constipation

1% to 10%:

Cardiovascular: Hypotension, palpitations, tachycardia or bradycardia, peripheral vasodilation

Central nervous system: CNS depression, sedation, confusion, headache, increased intracranial pressure, dizziness, lightheadedness, false feeling of well being, restlessness, paradoxical CNS stimulation, malaise

Dermatologic: Skin rash, urticaria

Endocrine & metabolic: Antidiuretic hormone release

Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, dry mouth, biliary spasm

Genitourinary: Decreased urination, urinary tract spasm

Neuromuscular & skeletal: Weakness

Ocular: Miosis, blurred vision

Respiratory: Respiratory depression, dyspnea

Miscellaneous: Histamine release, physical and psychological dependence with prolonged use

<1%:

Central nervous system: Convulsions, hallucinations, mental depression, nightmares, insomnia

Gastrointestinal: Stomach cramps, paralytic ileus

Neuromuscular & skeletal: Trembling, muscle rigidity

Guaifenesin: 1% to 10%:

Central nervous system: Drowsiness, headache

Dermatologic: Rash

Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain


Drug Interactions

Increased toxicity: CNS depressant medications produce additive sedative properties


Mechanism of Action

Guaifenesin is thought to act as an expectorant by irritating the gastric mucosa and stimulating respiratory tract secretions, thereby increasing respiratory fluid volumes and decreasing phlegm viscosity

Codeine is an antitussive that controls cough by depressing the medullary cough center


Usual Dosage

Oral:

2-6 years: 1-1.5 mg/kg codeine/day divided into 4 doses administered every 4-6 hours (maximum: 30 mg/24 hours)

6-12 years: 5 mL every 4 hours, not to exceed 30 mL/24 hours

Children >12 years and Adults: 5-10 mL every 4-8 hours not to exceed 60 mL/24 hours


Dietary Considerations

Codeine:

Alcohol: Additive CNS effects; avoid or limit alcohol; watch for sedation


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

See individual agents. Pregnancy/breast-feeding precautions: Inform prescriber if you are or intend to get pregnant. Consult prescriber if breast-feeding.


Nursing Implications

Administer with a large quantity of fluid

The "NR" in Tussi-Organidin® NR means "Newly Reformulated"


Dosage Forms

Liquid (Brontex®): Guaifenesin 75 mg and codeine phosphate 2.5 mg per 5 mL

Syrup (Cheracol®, Guaituss AC®, Guiatussin® with Codeine, Mytussin® AC, Robafen® AC, Robitussin® A-C, Tussi-Organidin® NR): Guaifenesin 100 mg and codeine phosphate 10 mg per 5 mL (60 mL, 120 mL, 480 mL)

Tablet (Brontex®): Guaifenesin 300 mg and codeine phosphate 10 mg


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