| Pronunciation |
 (ETH
oh
toyn) |
 |
| U.S. Brand Names |
| Peganone® |
|
| Generic Available |
|
No |
|
| Synonyms |
| Ethylphenylhydantoin |
|
| Pharmacological Index |
|
Anticonvulsant, Hydantoin |
|
| Use |
|
Generalized tonic-clonic or complex-partial seizures |
|
| Pregnancy Risk Factor |
|
D |
|
| Contraindications |
|
Hepatic abnormalities; hematologic disorders; hypersensitivity to ethotoin |
|
| Adverse Reactions |
|
>10%: Central nervous system: Psychiatric changes, slurred speech, trembling, dizziness, drowsiness Gastrointestinal: Constipation, nausea, vomiting 1% to 10%: Central nervous system: Drowsiness, headache, insomnia Dermatologic: Skin rash Gastrointestinal: Anorexia, weight loss Hematologic: Leukopenia Hepatic: Hepatitis Renal: Increase in serum creatinine |
|
| Drug Interactions |
|
May increase the metabolism of theophylline |
|
| Usual Dosage |
|
Oral: Adults: 250 mg 4 times/day after meals, may be increased up to 3 g/day in divided doses 4 times/day |
|
| Dietary Considerations |
|
Should be administered after meals |
|
| Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status |
|
Drowsiness and dizziness are common; may cause insomnia or confusion |
|
| Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment |
|
None reported |
|
| Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
| Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
|
| Patient Information |
|
Take exactly as directed (do not increase dose or frequency or discontinue without consulting prescriber). While using this medication, do not use alcohol and other prescription or OTC medications (especially pain medications, sedatives, antihistamines, or hypnotics) without consulting prescriber. Maintain adequate hydration (2-3 L/day). You may experience drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision (use caution when driving or engaging in hazardous tasks); nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, or dry mouth (small frequent meals, good mouth care, chewing gum, or sucking on lozenges may help); constipation (increased exercise, fluids, or dietary fruit and fiber may help). Diabetics need to monitor serum glucose closely (may alter antidiabetic medication requirements). If used for seizures, wear identification of epileptic status and medication. Report CNS changes, mentation changes, or changes in cognition; difficulty breathing or shortness of breath; muscle cramping, weakness, tremors, changes in gait; persistent GI symptoms (cramping, constipation, vomiting, anorexia); changes in urinary pattern, chest pain or palpitations, unusual bruising or bleeding (mouth, urine, stool); worsening of seizure activity, or loss of seizure control. Pregnancy precautions: Do not get pregnant while taking this medication; use appropriate barrier contraceptive measures. Consult prescriber if breast-feeding. |
|
| Dosage Forms |
|
Tablet: 250 mg, 500 mg |
|
|
|
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