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Pronunciation |
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(dif
THEER ee a & TET a nus TOKS
oyds & hole-sel per TUS sis vak SEEN) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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Tri-Immunol® |
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Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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Synonyms |
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DPT; DTP; DTwP |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Toxoid |
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Use |
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Active immunization of infants and children through 6 years of age (between 2
months and the seventh birthday) against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis;
recommended for primary immunization; start immunization if whooping cough or
diphtheria is present in the community |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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B |
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Contraindications |
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Known hypersensitivity to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids or pertussis
vaccine, known hypersensitivity to thimerosal, thrombocytopenia
Patients >7 years of age history of any of the following effects from
previous administration of pertussis vaccine precludes further use
Temperature of 105°F or higher within 2 days
after getting DTP
Shock-collapse (becoming blue or pale, limp, and not responsive ) within
2 days after getting DTP
Convulsion within 3 days after getting DTP
Crying that cannot be stopped which lasts for more than 3 hours at a time
within 2 days after getting DTP |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Do not use DTP for treatment of actual tetanus, diphtheria, or whooping cough
infections. The child's medical record should document that the small risk of
past vaccination seizure and the benefits of the pertussis vaccination were
discussed with the patient. If adverse reactions occurred with previous doses,
immunization should be completed with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid absorbed
(pediatric); have epinephrine 1:1000 available. |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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All serious adverse reactions must be reported to the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services (DHHS) Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
Reporting forms and information about reporting requirements or completion of
the form can be obtained from VAERS through a toll-free number
1-800-822-7967. |
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Drug
Interactions |
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Decreased effect: Immunosuppressive agents may result in aberrant responses
to active immunization |
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Stability |
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Refrigerate |
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Mechanism of
Action |
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Promotes active immunity to diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis by inducing
production of specific antibodies and antitoxins. |
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Usual Dosage |
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For pediatric use only. Do not give to patients >7 years of age;
primary immunization for children 2-6 years of age, ideally beginning at the age
of 2-3 months
The booster doses are given when children are 4-6 years of age, 0.5 mL I.M.
For booster doses thereafter, use the recommended dose of diphtheria and
tetanus toxoids, adsorbed (adults) every 10 years; for patients not receiving
immunization at usual times, consult authoritative source |
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Administration |
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Give only I.M. |
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Patient
Information |
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Most children have little or no problem from the DTP shot; many children will
have fever or soreness, swelling, and redness where the shot was given. Usually
these problems are mild and last 1-2 days. Some children will be cranky, drowsy,
or not want to eat during this time. |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Acetaminophen 10-15 mg/kg before and every 4 hours to 12-24 hours may reduce
fever; give vaccine only I.M. |
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Dosage Forms |
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Injection: 0.5 mL |
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