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Pronunciation |
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(dif
THEER ee a, TET a nus TOKS oyds
& ay CEL yoo lar per TUS sis vak SEEN) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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Acel-Imune®; Certiva®;
Infanrix™; Tripedia® |
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Generic
Available |
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No |
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Synonyms |
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DTaP |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Toxoid |
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Use |
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As fourth and fifth dose in primary immunization series against diphtheria,
tetanus, and pertussis from age 15 months (Tripedia®) or
17 months (Acel-Imune®) through 7th birthday (recipients
must have previously received 3 doses of whole-cell DTP
(DTwP)) |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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B |
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Pregnancy/Breast-Feeding
Implications |
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Clinical effects on the fetus: Animal reproduction studies have not been
conducted. It is not known whether the vaccine can cause fetal harm when
administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproductive capacity.
Tripedia® vaccine is NOT recommended for use in a pregnant
woman. |
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Contraindications |
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Patients >7 years of age, patients with cancer, immunodeficiencies, an
acute respiratory infection, or any other active infection; children with a
history of neurologic disorders should not receive the pertussis or any
component; history of any of the following effects from previous administration
of pertussis vaccine precludes further use: >103°F
fever (39.4°C), convulsions, focal neurologic signs,
screaming episodes, shock, collapse, sleepiness or encephalopathy; known
hypersensitivity to diphtheria and tetanus toxoids or pertussis vaccine; do not
use for treatment of actual tetanus, diphtheria, or whooping cough
infections |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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DTaP should not be used in children <15 months of age and should not be
used in children who have received fewer than 3 doses of
DTP |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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All serious adverse reactions must be reported to the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services (DDHS) Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)
1-800-822-7967. |
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Drug
Interactions |
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Decreased effect with immunosuppressive agents, corticosteroids within 1
month |
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Stability |
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Refrigerate at 2°C to 8°C
(35°F to 46°F); do not
freeze |
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Mechanism of
Action |
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Promotes active immunity to diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis by inducing
production of specific antibodies and antitoxins. |
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Usual Dosage |
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Before administration, ensure that at least 3 doses of whole-cell DTP vaccine
have been given. Give the fourth dose of DTaP at ~18 months of age, at least 6
months after the third DTwP. Give a fifth 0.5 mL dose at 4-6 years of age.
Tetanus and diphtheria toxoids for adult use (Td) is the preferred agent for
adults and older children. |
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Administration |
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Give only I.M. in anterolateral aspect of thigh or deltoid muscle of upper
arm |
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Patient
Information |
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A nodule may be palpable at the injection site for a few
weeks |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Acetaminophen 10-15 mg/kg before and every 4 hours to 12-24 hours may reduce
or prevent fever; shake well before administering; the child's medical record
should document that the small risk of postvaccination seizure and the benefits
of the pertussis vaccination were discussed with the
patient |
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Dosage Forms |
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Injection:
Tripedia®: Diphtheria 6.7 Lf units, tetanus 5 Lf units,
and acellular pertussis vaccine 46.8 mcg per 0.5 mL (7.5 mL)
Infanrix™: Diphtheria 25 Lf units, tetanus 10 Lf
units, and acellular pertussis vaccine 25 mcg per 0.5 mL (0.5 mL)
TriHIBit® vaccine [Tripedia®
vaccine used to reconstitute ActHIB®]: 0.5 mL
Certiva™: Diphtheria 15 Lf units, tetanus 6 Lf, and
acellular pertussis vaccine 40 mcg per 0.5 mL (7.5 mL)
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