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Dibucaine
Pronunciation
U.S. Brand Names
Generic Available
Pharmacological Index
Use
Pregnancy Risk Factor
Contraindications
Warnings/Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Stability
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics
Usual Dosage
Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Patient Information
Nursing Implications
Dosage Forms

Pronunciation
(DYE byoo kane)

U.S. Brand Names
Nupercainal®[OTC]

Generic Available

Yes


Pharmacological Index

Local Anesthetic


Use

Dental: Amide derivative local anesthetic for minor skin conditions

Medical: Fast, temporary relief of pain and itching due to hemorrhoids, minor burns


Pregnancy Risk Factor

C


Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to amide-type anesthetics, ophthalmic use


Warnings/Precautions

Avoid use in sensitive individuals


Adverse Reactions

1% to 10%:

Dermatologic: Angioedema, contact dermatitis


Drug Interactions

No data reported


Stability

Darkens on light exposure


Mechanism of Action

Local anesthetics bind selectively to the intracellular surface of sodium channels to block influx of sodium into the axon. As a result, depolarization necessary for action potential propagation and subsequent nerve function is prevented. The block at the sodium channel is reversible. When drug diffuses away from the axon, sodium channel function is restored and nerve propagation returns.


Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics

Onset of action: Within 15 minutes

Duration: 2-4 hours

Absorption: Poor through intact skin, but well absorbed through mucous membranes and excoriated skin


Usual Dosage

Children and Adults: Topical: Apply gently to the affected areas; no more than 30 g for adults or 7.5 g for children should be used in any 24-hour period


Dental Health: Local Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor Precautions

No information available to require special precautions


Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment

No effects or complications reported


Patient Information

If condition worsens or if symptoms persist for >7 days, stop using the ointment and consult a physician; wash hands after use


Nursing Implications

Do not use near the eyes or over denuded surfaces or blistered areas


Dosage Forms

Cream, topical: 0.5% (45 g)

Ointment, topical: 1% (30 g, 60 g, 454 g)


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