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Pronunciation |
|
(DYE
byoo
kane) |
|
|
U.S. Brand
Names |
|
Nupercainal®[OTC] |
|
|
Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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|
Pharmacological Index |
|
Local Anesthetic |
|
|
Use |
|
Dental: Amide derivative local anesthetic for minor skin conditions
Medical: Fast, temporary relief of pain and itching due to hemorrhoids, minor
burns |
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|
Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
C |
|
|
Contraindications |
|
Known hypersensitivity to amide-type anesthetics, ophthalmic
use |
|
|
Warnings/Precautions |
|
Avoid use in sensitive individuals |
|
|
Adverse
Reactions |
|
1% to 10%:
Dermatologic: Angioedema, contact dermatitis |
|
|
Drug
Interactions |
|
No data reported |
|
|
Stability |
|
Darkens on light exposure |
|
|
Mechanism of
Action |
|
Local anesthetics bind selectively to the intracellular surface of sodium
channels to block influx of sodium into the axon. As a result, depolarization
necessary for action potential propagation and subsequent nerve function is
prevented. The block at the sodium channel is reversible. When drug diffuses
away from the axon, sodium channel function is restored and nerve propagation
returns. |
|
|
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
Onset of action: Within 15 minutes
Duration: 2-4 hours
Absorption: Poor through intact skin, but well absorbed through mucous
membranes and excoriated skin |
|
|
Usual Dosage |
|
Children and Adults: Topical: Apply gently to the affected areas; no more
than 30 g for adults or 7.5 g for children should be used in any 24-hour
period |
|
|
Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
|
Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
|
|
Patient
Information |
|
If condition worsens or if symptoms persist for >7 days, stop using the
ointment and consult a physician; wash hands after use |
|
|
Nursing
Implications |
|
Do not use near the eyes or over denuded surfaces or blistered
areas |
|
|
Dosage Forms |
|
Cream, topical: 0.5% (45 g)
Ointment, topical: 1% (30 g, 60 g, 454 g)
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