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Pronunciation |
|
(klye
oh KWIN
ole) |
|
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U.S. Brand
Names |
|
Vioform®[OTC] |
|
|
Generic
Available |
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Yes: Cream |
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|
Synonyms |
|
Iodochlorhydroxyquin |
|
|
Pharmacological Index |
|
Antifungal Agent, Topical |
|
|
Use |
|
Topically in the treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and skin infections
caused by dermatophytic fungi (ringworm) |
|
|
Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
C |
|
|
Contraindications |
|
Not effective in the treatment of scalp or nail fungal infections; children
<2 years of age, hypersensitivity to any component |
|
|
Warnings/Precautions |
|
May irritate sensitized skin; topical application poses a potential risk of
toxicity to infants and children; known to cause serious and irreversible optic
atrophy and peripheral neuropathy with muscular weakness, sensory loss, spastic
paraparesis, and blindness; use with caution in patients with iodine
intolerance |
|
|
Adverse
Reactions |
|
1% to 10%:
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Peripheral neuropathy
Ocular: Optic atrophy |
|
|
Drug
Interactions |
|
No data reported |
|
|
Mechanism of
Action |
|
Chelates bacterial surface and trace metals needed for bacterial
growth |
|
|
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
Absorption: With an occlusive dressing, up to 40% of dose can be absorbed
systemically during a 12-hour period; absorption is enhanced when applied under
diapers
Half-life: 11-14 hours
Elimination: Conjugated and excreted in urine |
|
|
Usual Dosage |
|
Children and Adults: Topical: Apply 2-3 times/day; do not use for longer than
7 days |
|
|
Test
Interactions |
|
Thyroid function tests (decreased 131I uptake); false-positive
ferric chloride test for phenylketonuria |
|
|
Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
|
None reported |
|
|
Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
|
May interfere with thyroid function tests |
|
|
Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
|
Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
No effects or complications reported |
|
|
Patient
Information |
|
Cleanse affected area before application; can stain skin and fabrics; for
external use only; avoid contact with eyes and mucous
membranes |
|
|
Nursing
Implications |
|
Watch affected area for increased irritation |
|
|
Dosage Forms |
|
Cream: 3% (30 g)
Ointment, topical: 3% (30 g) |
|
|
References |
|
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs,
"Clioquinol (Iodochlorhydroxyquin, Vioform®) and
Iodoquinol (Diiodohydroxyquin): Blindness and Neuropathy," Pediatrics,
1990, 86(5):797-8. |
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