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Pronunciation |
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(klor
oh trye AN i
seen) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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TACE® |
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Generic
Available |
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No |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Estrogen Derivative |
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Use |
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Treat inoperable prostatic cancer; management of atrophic vaginitis, female
hypogonadism, vasomotor symptoms of menopause |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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X |
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Contraindications |
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Thrombophlebitis, breast cancer, undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding, known
or suspected pregnancy |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Estrogens have been reported to increase the risk of endometrial carcinoma;
do not use estrogens during pregnancy |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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>10%:
Cardiovascular: Peripheral edema
Endocrine & metabolic: Enlargement of breasts (female and male), breast
tenderness
Gastrointestinal: Nausea, anorexia, bloating
1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Headache
Endocrine & metabolic: Increased libido (female), decreased libido (male)
Gastrointestinal: Vomiting, diarrhea
<1%: Hypertension, thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, edema,
depression, dizziness, anxiety, stroke, chloasma, melasma, rash, amenorrhea,
alterations in frequency and flow of menses, decreased glucose tolerance,
increased triglycerides and LDL, nausea, GI distress, cholestatic jaundice,
intolerance to contact lenses, increased susceptibility to Candida
infection, breast tumors |
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Overdosage/Toxicology |
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Serious adverse effects have not been reported following ingestion of large
doses of estrogen-containing oral contraceptives; overdosage of estrogen may
cause nausea; withdrawal bleeding may occur in females |
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Drug
Interactions |
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Barbiturates may produce lower estrogen levels due to increased hepatic
metabolism; may result in an increase in the pharmacologic and toxicologic
effect of corticosteroids; hydantoins and rifamycins may cause an increase in
metabolism of estrogen compounds |
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Mechanism of
Action |
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Diethylstilbestrol derivative with similar estrogenic
actions |
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Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Onset of therapeutic effect: Commonly occurs within 14 days of therapy
Distribution: Stored in fat tissues and slowly released
Metabolism: In the liver to a more potent estrogen compound
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Usual Dosage |
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Adults: Oral:
Female hypogonadism: 12-25 mg cyclically for 21 days. May be followed by I.M.
progesterone 100 mg or 5 days of oral progestin; next course may begin on day 5
of induced uterine bleeding.
Postpartum breast engorgement: 12 mg 4 times/day for 7 days or 50 mg every 6
hours for 6 doses; administer first dose within 8 hours after delivery
Vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause: 12-25 mg cyclically for 30
days; one or more courses may be prescribed
Prostatic cancer (inoperable/progressing): 12-25 mg/day |
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Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
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May cause depression or anxiety |
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Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
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Barbiturates may increase the metabolism of estrogen resulting in lower
levels |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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No information available to require special precautions |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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No effects or complications reported |
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Patient
Information |
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Take as directed. May cause enlargement of breast (male/female), menstrual
irregularity, increased libido (female), decreased libido (male), nausea or
vomiting (small frequent meals, frequent mouth care, sucking lozenges, or
chewing gum may help), or acute headache (mild analgesic may help). Report
persistent diarrhea; swelling of feet, hands, or legs; sudden severe headache;
disturbance of speech or vision; warmth, swelling, or pain in calves; severe
abdominal pain; rash; emotional lability; chest pain or palpitations; or signs
of vaginal infection. Pregnancy/breast-feeding precautions: Inform
prescriber if you are pregnant. Do not get pregnant during or for 1 month
following therapy. Consult prescriber for instruction on appropriate barrier
contraceptive measures. This drug may cause severe fetal defects. Do not donate
blood during or for 1 month following therapy. Consult prescriber if
breast-feeding. |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Patients should inform their physicians if signs or symptoms of
thromboembolic or thrombotic disorders including sudden severe headache or
vomiting, disturbance of vision or speech, loss of vision, numbness or weakness
in an extremity, sharp or crushing chest pain, calf pain, shortness of breath,
severe abdominal pain or mass, mental depression or unusual
bleeding. |
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Dosage Forms |
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Capsule: 12 mg, 25 mg |
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