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Butalbital
Compound and Codeine |
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Pronunciation |
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(byoo
TAL bi tal KOM pound & KOE
deen) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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Fiorinal® With
Codeine |
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Generic
Available |
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Yes |
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Canadian Brand
Names |
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Fiorinal®-C
1/4
, 1/2; Tecnal C1/4
,
C1/2 |
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Synonyms |
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Codeine and Butalbital Compound |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Analgesic, Combination (Narcotic); Barbiturate |
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Use |
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Mild to moderate pain when sedation is needed |
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Restrictions |
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C-III |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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C/D (if used for prolonged periods or in high doses at
term) |
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Contraindications |
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Hypersensitivity to butalbital, codeine, aspirin, or any component; opium
derivatives; patients with a hemorrhagic diathesis (eg, hemophilia,
hypoprothrombinemia, von Willebrand disease, the thrombocytopenias,
thrombasthenia, and other ill-defined hereditary platelet dysfunctions, severe
vitamin K deficiency, and severe liver damage); patients with peptic ulcer or
other serious GI lesions; patients with porphyria; pregnancy (if used for
prolonged periods or in high doses at term) |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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Habit-forming, potentially abusable; patients on anticoagulant
therapy |
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Adverse
Reactions |
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>10%:
Central nervous system: Dizziness, lightheadedness, drowsiness
Gastrointestinal: Nausea, heartburn, stomach pains, dyspepsia, epigastric
discomfort
1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Confusion, mental depression, unusual excitement,
nervousness, faint feeling, insomnia, nightmares, intoxicated feeling
Dermatologic: Rash
Gastrointestinal: Constipation, GI ulceration
<1% (Limited to important or life-threatening symptoms): Tachycardia,
chest pain, palpitations, syncope, hallucinations, nervousness, jitters,
exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, agranulocytosis, megaloblastic
anemia, thrombocytopenia, occult bleeding, prolongation of bleeding time,
leukopenia, iron deficiency anemia, hepatotoxicity, thrombophlebitis, impaired
renal function, respiratory depression, bronchospasm, epistaxis, allergic
reaction |
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Overdosage/Toxicology |
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Symptoms of overdose include unsteady gait, slurred speech, confusion,
respiratory depression, hypotension, and coma. Opioid symptoms may be reversed
by naloxone, 2 mg I.V., with repeated doses as necessary up to a total of 10 mg.
Barbiturate treatment is symptomatic and supportive. |
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Usual Dosage |
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Adults: Oral: 1-2 capsules every 4 hours as needed for pain; up to
6/day |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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No information available to require special precautions |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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<1%: Dry mouth |
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Patient
Information |
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If self-administered, use exactly as directed (do not increase dose or
frequency); may cause physical and/or psychological dependence. Take with food
or milk. While using this medication, do not use alcohol and other prescription
or OTC medications (especially sedatives, tranquilizers, antihistamines, or pain
medications) without consulting prescriber. Maintain adequate hydration (2-3
L/day of fluids unless instructed to restrict fluid intake). May cause
dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion, or drowsiness (use caution when driving,
climbing stairs, or changing position - rising from sitting or lying to
standing, or when engaging in tasks requiring alertness until response to drug
is known); heartburn or epigastric discomfort (frequent mouth care, frequent
sips of fluids, chewing gum, or sucking lozenges may help); constipation
(increased exercise, fluids, or dietary fruit and fiber may help - if
constipation remains an unresolved problem, consult prescriber about use of
stool softeners). Report chest pain or palpitations; persistent dizziness;
confusion, nightmares, excitation, or changes in mentation; shortness of breath
or difficulty breathing; skin rash, unusual bleeding or bruising; or unusual
fatigue and weakness. Pregnancy/breast-feeding precautions: Inform
prescriber if you are or intend to be pregnant. Consult prescriber if
breast-feeding. |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Abrupt discontinuation after sustained use (generally >10 days) may cause
withdrawal symptoms |
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Dosage Forms |
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Capsule: Butalbital 50 mg, caffeine 40 mg, aspirin 325 mg and codeine
phosphate 30 mg |
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