• Glimepiride
  
• Glyburide
  

Patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) have significantly lower serum coenzyme Q10 levels compared to healthy controls (Miyake et al. 1999). Because glyburide inhibits NADH-oxidase, an enzyme that donates electrons to CoQ10, it could lead to a deficiency in diabetic patients with already low CoQ10 levels (Kishi et al. 1976).

Although CoQ10 is manufactured by the body, deficiencies occur in some physiological and pathological conditions (Artuch et al. 1999). CoQ10 deficiency may be related to certain conditions such as gingivitis (Nakamura et al. 1974); breast cancer (Jolliet et al. 1998); congestive heart failure (Munkholm et al. 1999); angina pectoris (Munkholm et al. 1999); acute myocardial infarction (Singh et al. 1998); mitochondrial encephalomyopathies (Chan et al. 1998); hypertension, and cardiac function (Singh et al. 1999). In addition, CoQ10 depletion may contribute to aging and photoaging (Hoppe et al. 1999). Low levels of CoQ10 may also compromise immune function (Folkers et al. 1993) and play a role in male infertility (Overvad et al. 1999).

Daily doses of coenzyme Q10 as high as 200 mg for periods of 6 to 12 months or 100 mg for up to 6 years have not been associated with reports of serious adverse effects in clinical studies (Overvad et al. 1999). CoQ10 supplementation (100 mg bid) was well tolerated and did not interfere with glycemic control in one study with NIDDM patients (Eriksson et al. 1999).

This information is intended to serve as a concise reference for healthcare professionals to identify substances that may be depleted by many commonly prescribed medications. Depletion of these substances depends upon a number of factors including medical history, lifestyle, dietary habits, and duration of treatment with a particular medication. The signs and symptoms associated with deficiency may be nonspecific and could be indicative of clinical conditions other than deficiency. The material presented in these monographs should not in any event be construed as specific instructions for individual patients.

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Chan A, Reichmann H, Kogel A, et al. Metabolic changes in patients with mitochondrial myopathies and effects of coenzyme Q10 therapy. J Neurol. 1998;245(10):681-685.

Eriksson JG, Forsen TJ, Mortensen SA, Rohde M. The effect of coenzyme Q10 administration on metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biofactors. 1999;9(2-4):315-318.

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Munkholm H, Hansen HH, Rasmussen K. Coenzyme Q10 treatment in serious heart failure. Biofactors. 1999;9(2-4):285-289.

Nakamura R, Littarru GP, Folkers R, et al. Study of CoQ10-enzymes in gingiva from patients with periodontal disease and evidence for a deficiency of coenzyme Q10. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1974;71(4):1456-1460.

Overvad K, Diamant B, Holm L, Holmer G, Mortensen SA, Stender S. Coenzyme Q10 in health and disease. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999;53:764-770.

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Singh RB, Wander GS, Rastogi A, et al. Randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of coenzyme Q10 in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1998;12(4):347-353.