هتكلم عن موضوع جديد ف مجال العقاقير الطبيه ....... وهو استخدام العقاقير الطبيه ف انتاج مواد فعاله زات اهميه طبيه بفاعليه اكتر وكمايات اكبر وطبعا بتكلفه اقل
طبعا علم العقاقير علم واسع ويشمل كتير من الاعشاب الطبيه اللى ليها اهميه علاجيه كبيره . مش بس كده دلوقتىفى دراسات كبيره جدا للاستفاده من النباتات الطبيه بوجه الاخص لانو ف بعض الادويه مصدرها نبات فقط والمصنع منها ليس بنفس الجوده
فضرب مثال ع كلامى ف عقار اسمو vinblastin & vincristin بيستخدمو لعلاج امراض منها السرطان وبالاخص سرطان الدم leukemia مصدرو الوحيد هو استخلاصه من نبات اسمو catharansus roseus
وعلشان نحصل ع جرام محتاجين طن من النبات ده طبعا كميه كبيره لانتاج عقار مهم زى ده دفعت العلماء انهم يشوفو طرق بديله وه بقى الموضوع اللى هتكلم عنو plant biotecnology
انا هكتفى بالمقدمه النهارده وانشاء الله هكمل الموضوع ع مرات
Today plant biotechnology is used in new & creative ways to produce therapeutic products for medicine & new disease & stess resistant crops
Also the production of potentially known active plant constituent from their original sourse without the unfair consumption of plant biomass & the consequent loss of important or dangered biological sources as well as the direct enviromental impact are among the great merits of biotechnology despite of the thical enviromental concerns
هضيف مع المرفقات مستند فيه توضيح لمصطلحات تسهل فهم المواضيع الجايه
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To be continued]
التعليقات
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حاجه شيقه جدا بس محتاجه اطلاع اكتر ع طرق تنفيذ التطبيقات دى اللى طبعا كل يوم ف جديد منها
وانشالله هحاول اعرضلكو بعض التطبيقات المهمه ف مجال الطب والادويه
اولا الوسط اللى هنمى فيه النبات واللى طبعا لازم يكون مماثل للظروف البيئيه اللى ينمو فيه النبات ف الطبيعه
Plant tissue culture relies on the fact that many plant cells have the ability to regenerate a whole plant (totipotency). Single cells, plant cells without cell walls (protoplasts), pieces of leaves, or (less commonly) roots can often be used to generate a new plant on culture media given the required nutrients and plant hormones.
[/Plant tissue culture is a practice used to propagate plants under sterile conditions, often to produce clones of a plant. Different techniques in plant tissue culture may offer certain advantages over traditional methods of propagation, including]:
The production of exact copies of plants that produce particularly good flowers, fruits, or have other desirable traits.
To quickly produce mature plants.
The production of multiples of plants in the absence of seeds or necessary pollinators to produce seeds.
The regeneration of whole plants from plant cells that have been genetically modified.
The production of plants in sterile containers that allows them to be moved with greatly reduced chances of transmitting diseases, pests, and pathogens.
The production of plants from seeds that otherwise have very low chances of germinating and growing, i.e.: orchids and nepenthes.
To clean particular plant of viral and other infections and to quickly multiply these plants as 'cleaned stock' for horticulture and agriculture]
طيب كده اتعرفنا ع اهميه ال plant tissue culture هتكلم دلوقتى عن مكونات ال culture دى واكيد لازم تحتوى ع عناصر مهمه لاتمام عمليه انماء النبات وطبعا كل عنصر من العناصر دى له اهميتو بس انا هكتفى بزكر الاهم العناصر اهميتها لانماء النبات ....بس لازم نعرف انو العناصر والمعادن دى بتختلف من نبات لاخر ع حسب احتياجاتو .. لكن ف عناصر ومعادن اساسيه لازم تكون موجوده زى ......................
culture media used in vitro compose of 3 basic component
][a) essential element or mineral ions suplied as complex mixture of salts
divided into the following categories according to concentration of elements into
1.MACRO ELEMENT like NITROGEN,MAGNISIUM ,POTASIUM ,PHOSPHORUS, SULPHER
2. MICRO ELEMENT like IRON , ZINC ,BORON ,COPPER , MOLYPDIUM ,MAGNUS COBLET ,IODINE SILINIUm
b) organic supplement e.g vitamins & amino acid
c) source of fixed carbon e.g sucrose
"]كده اتكلمنا عن المغذيات اللى تكفل للنبات نموه باقى اضافات تانيه لازمه لنمو النبات زى الهرمونات وكمان هتكلم عن الميديا اللى هتحل محل التربه الزراعي
Plant Growth Regulator
(PGR)
1. Auxin : promote root elongation
2. cytokinin : promote shoot elongation
3. Gibberelin: determine plant hight & fruit set
4. Absicic acid
5. ethylen
كده اتكلمنا عن المغذيات والعناصر الهامه للنمو ......... باقى نتكلم عن الميديا نفسها عباره عن
Solidifing agents
1. Agar (mainly )
2. Glirite
3. phyto gel
انشالله اكمل المره القادمه باقى انواع ال culture وتطبيقاتها وانشالله هزودكو بالصور علشان تتخيلو معايا
وانا بانتظار باقي المعلومات
.......... صحيح الموضوع غريب بس شيق وانشالله قريب هعرضلكو الصور
وقال الدكتور ولما الاستغراب ألا نستخدم القطن في انبات العدس والفول
ف حاجتين احب اتكلم عنهم ...
الميدا اللى بنمى عليها نوعين على حسب كمليه ال solidifing agent يعنى ممكن تون solid media زى المديا اللى بنمى عليها البكتريا والنوع التانى بتكون كميه الاجر فيه قليله علشان كده اسمها cell suspention culture
الحاجه التانيه المهمه الجزء اللى هيتنمى ع المديا دى اسمو explant وده ممكن يكون جزء من النبات وهتكلم عنو دلوقتى
اه ف حاجه مهمه كمان بعد تنميه ال explant هتتكون حاجه اسمها callus ودى عباره عن مجموعه من الخلايا غير المتميزه الى نسيج معين بتتضاعف ع عدد الخلايا وحجمها ع حسب المديا و المده اللى بنميه فيها وبكده ممكن اعملها subculturing ع اكتر من ميديا واكتر منها وبعد كده ننميها ف ميديا مناسبه حتى نحصل ع النبات كامل
دى فكره مبسطه عن كلامى اللى جاى
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الصوره b عباره عن solid media ونمى عليها ال callus
In brief, the tissue is harvested in a sterile manner, often minced, and pieces placed in a cell culture dish containing growth media. Over time, progenitor cells migrate out of the tissue onto the surface of the dish. These primary cells can then be further expanded and transferred into fresh dishes]
The explant quality is influnced by the physiological , phyto-sanitary condition & donner plant .
Pathogen free _ donner plant , so it maintained in clean condition ,low humidity & drip irrigation
vigrous groth is encouraged but not over fertilization
surface sterilization of explant tissue without phytotoxcicity
Isolation of shoot tip under sterile condition
The medium must contain all component which necessary to make the explant perform : as desired madia composition & plant groth regulatiors The enviromental condition like light , temperature & humidity must be good condition
Repeated enhanced axillary shoot production by cytokinin in the medium which may be alone or with smaller amount of Auxin
( The amount of Auxin & cytokinin must be determined empirically )
Shoot must be transfered to fresh medium at regular interval to avoid stationary phase
Number of subcultures possible from the original culture varies with the species this leads to reduction in growth & increase maturation
Rooting of shoot or shoot clusters in vitro
Harvested shoot must br pretreated before rooting , prehandling , elongation . fullfilling dormancy requirment
Auxin is important for root initiation in vitro
Advantage of rooting after removal from culture :
It reduce cost
more better physiologically
avoid danger to roots occuring during transplantation
Acclimatization : is aprocess by which physiological & anatomical condition adjust from in vitro to exvitro
Relatively slow process , may take week ,so starch reserves is important
must adjust from high to lower relative humidity ( from 98-99 % to 20-60 % leads to development of sufficient defence to control water loss
Poor cuticle development , so epicuticular wax needs to be formed
micropropagation may allow faster production of plants that are slow to prpagate in vitro
It may increase the time needed for bulk up of new cultures before they introduced commercially