Metoclopramide HCL

dr.joan

Metoclopramide HCL:
Trade names: Pramin

Class: Anti-emetics

Pregnancy: (Category

Action:

It is dopamine receptor antagonist acts both centrally & peripherally,
centrally due to the effect in the CTZ ( inhibition) , Peripherally it
stimulate the motility of the upper GIT without affecting gastric &
biliary or pancreatic secretions. It relaxes the pyloric sphincter &
increases the peristalsis of the duodenum resulting in accelerated

gastric emptying & intestinal transit

Uses:

• Digestive disorders leading to relief GIT pain , Dyspepsia & regurgitation in peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis & postanasthetic vomiting.
• Nausea & vomiting as in chemotherapy.
• Facilitate diagnostic procedure e.g. barium meal.

Dose:

by mouth, or by intramuscular injection or by intravenous injection over 1–2 minutes, 10 mg (5 mg in young adults 15–19 years under 60 kg) 3 times daily; CHILD up to 1 year (up to 10 kg) 1 mg twice daily, 1–3 years (10–14 kg) 1 mg 2–3 times daily, 3–5 years (15–19 kg) 2 mg 2–3 times daily, 5–9 years (20–29 kg) 2 mg 3 times daily, 9–14 years (30 kg and over) 5 mg 3 times daily
Note. Daily dose of metoclopramide should not normally exceed 500 micrograms/kg, particularly for children and young adults.
Contraindications:
ü Seizure (epilepsy) ,
ü Pheochromocytoma , &
ü Intestinal obstruction.
Side effects:
ü GI disturbances,
ü transient hypertension,
ü supraventricular tachycardia,
ü dizziness &
ü extrapyramidal effect “convulsion”.
Nursing considerations:
§ Don’t give pramin to patients with epilepsy, pheochromocytomes or patients with intestinal obstruction.
§ Administer oral medication 30 minutes before meal & at bed time .
§ Administer I.V. injection slowly over 1-2 minutes.
§ Be aware of the extrapyramidal symptoms specially in children