Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride

dr.joan

Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride:
Trade name: ciproxin
Class: Antibacterial, quinolone derivative
Pregnancy: (Category C)

Action: is a synthetic quinolone with broad- spectrum bactericidal activity, inhibits the synthesis of bacterial DNA by inhibiting the enzyme DNA gyrase.
Uses:
· UIT, infectious diarrhea
· Infection of lower respiratory tract, bone, joints & skin.
Dose : by mouth, respiratory-tract infections, 250–750 mg
Twice daily, Urinary-tract infections, 250–500 mg twice
Daily (100 mg twice daily for 3 days in acute
uncomplicated cystitis in women)
Chronic prostatitis, 500 mg twice daily for 28 days
Gonorrhea, 500 mg as a single dose
Pseudomonal lower respiratory-tract infection in cystic fibrosis, 750 mg twice daily; CHILD 5–17 years, up to 20 mg/kg twice daily (max. 1.5 g daily)
Most other infections, 500–750 mg twice daily
Surgical prophylaxis, 750 mg 60–90 minutes before procedure
Prophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis, [not licensed for this indication] 500 mg as a single dose; Child 5–12 years 250 mg
By intravenous infusion (over 30–60 minutes; 400 mg over 60 minutes), 200–400 mg twice daily, Child 20 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses
Pseudomonal lower respiratory-tract infection in cystic fibrosis, 400 mg twice daily; CHILD 5–17 years, up to 10 mg/kg 3 times daily (max. 1.2 g daily)
Child not recommended but where benefit outweighs risk, by mouth, 10–30 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses or by intravenous infusion, 8–16 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses
Anthrax (treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis, see notes above), by mouth, 500 mg twice daily; child 30 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses (max. 1g daily)
Contraindications:
· Hypersensitivity - children - lactation.

Side effects:
· Nausea vomiting. Dysphasia, crystalluria,
· Hematuria, Rashes, bad taste, GI bleeding,
· Headache, insomnia.
Nursing considerations:
· Give medication 2 hr after meals.
· Stress importance of drinking increased amounts of fluids to keep urine acidic & to minimize the risk of crystalluria.