Phenobarpitol

dr.joandr.joan عضو ماسي
تم تعديل 2009/08/03 في أدوية الطوارئ Emergency drugs
Phenobarpitol :
Trade names: Luminal
Class: sedative- anticonvulsant- barbiturate.
Pregnancy: (Category D)

Action:
ý Long-acting barbiturate- act as a sedative- hypnotic and anticonvulsant by producing CNS depression.
ý It increase the inhibitory activity of the on nerve synapses.
Uses:
  • Preanasthetic medication.
  • Sedation
  • Hypnotic
  • Epilepsy
  • in tetanus & eclampsia ( as anticonvulsant) .
Dose:
by mouth, 60–180 mg at night; CHILD 5–8 mg/kg daily
Control of acute seizures, by intramuscular injection, 200 mg, repeated after 6 hours if necessary; CHILD 15 mg/kg as a single dose
Status epilepticus, by intravenous injection (dilute injection 1 in 10 with water for injections), 10 mg/kg at a rate of not more than 100 mg/minute; max. 1 g
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity.
Side effects:
  • Headache,
  • fever,
  • megaloblastic anemia,
  • dizziness,
  • hypotension,
  • nausea, and
  • vomiting epigastric pain.
Treatment of overdose toxicity:
Maintain & assist respiration as indicated.
Support circulation by vasopressor & I.V. fluids as required.
Aspirate stomach content, take care to avoid pulmonary aspiration.
Diuretics may be given as ordered.
Intake & output measurement.
Dialysis if indicated.
Nursing considerations:
1- If given I.V, closely monitor the rate of flow. Rapid administration may lead to respiratory depression.
2- Monitor the site of I.V. for soft of extravasation which cause sever pain, nerve damage & necrosis.
3- Avoid the use of alcoholic beverages.
4- Instruct the client not to drive a car or operate other hazardous machinery after taking the medication .
5- Take the medication only as prescribed.
6- If used for hypnotic effect, give ½ hr before bedtime.
7- Teach patient about sings and symptoms of toxicity, and instruct patient to report them to treating physician.
8- If taken for 8 weeks or more, instruct patient not to stop it suddenly to avoid withdrawal symptoms as convulsion.
9- Keep the drug out of reach of the children.