Octreotide :
Trade names: Sandostatin
Class: Antidiarrheals, hormones
Pregnancy: (Category
Action:
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Suppresses secretion of serotonin and gastroenterohepatic peptides
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Increases absorption of fluid and electrolytes from the GI tract and increases transit time
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Decreases levels of serotonin metabolites
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Also suppresses growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
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Therapeutic Effects:
Dose:
prophylaxis following pancreatic trauma or surgery subcutaneous every 8 hours, 100 mic/kg
In esophageal varices 50-100 mic IV injection then infusion of 25 – 50 mic/hour for 2-3 days
Contraindications:
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Gallbladder disease (increased risk of stone formation)
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Renal impairment (dosage reduction may be necessary)
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Hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia (changes in blood sugar may occur)
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Fat malabsorption (may be aggravated)
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Pregnancy or lactation (safety not established).
Side effects:
§ CNS: dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, weakness.
§ EENT: visual disturbances.
§ CV: edema, orthostatic hypotension, palpitations.
§ GI: abdominal pain, cholelithiasis, diarrhea, fat malabsorption, nausea, vomiting.
§ Derm: flushing.
§ Endo: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia.
§ Local: injection site pain.
Nursing considerations:
§ Sandostatin ampoules and multi-dose vials should be stored at refrigerated temperatures 2-8°C (36-46°F) and protected from light.
§ Because the drug may result in hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia monitor blood glucose level for the pt.
§ Cardiac conduction abnormalities have also occurred during treatment with Sandostatin so the nurse should monitor the pt's vital signs , ECG…etc.
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