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Pronunciation |
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(sye
kloe PEN toe
late) |
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U.S. Brand
Names |
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AK-Pentolate®; Cyclogyl®;
I-Pentolate® |
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Generic
Available |
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No |
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Synonyms |
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Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride |
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Pharmacological Index |
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Anticholinergic Agent, Ophthalmic |
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Use |
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Diagnostic procedures requiring mydriasis and
cycloplegia |
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
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C |
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Contraindications |
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Narrow-angle glaucoma, known hypersensitivity to drug |
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Warnings/Precautions |
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2% solution may result in psychotic reactions and behavioral disturbances in
children, usually occurring approximately 30-45 minutes after instillation; use
with caution in elderly patients and other patients who may be predisposed to
increased intraocular pressure |
|
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Adverse
Reactions |
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1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Restlessness, hallucinations, psychosis,
hyperactivity, seizures, incoherent speech, ataxia
Dermatologic: Burning sensation
Ocular: Increase in intraocular pressure, loss of visual accommodation
Miscellaneous: Allergic reaction |
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Overdosage/Toxicology |
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Antidote, if needed, is pilocarpine |
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Drug
Interactions |
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Decreased effect of carbachol, cholinesterase inhibitors |
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Stability |
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Store in tight containers |
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Mechanism of
Action |
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Prevents the muscle of the ciliary body and the sphincter muscle of the iris
from responding to cholinergic stimulation, causing mydriasis and
cycloplegia |
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Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
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Peak effect: Cycloplegia: 25-75 minutes; Mydriasis: 30-60 minutes
Duration: Recovery takes up to 24 hours |
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Usual Dosage |
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Ophthalmic:
Children: Instill 1 drop of 0.5%, 1%, or 2% in eye followed by 1 drop of 0.5%
or 1% in 5 minutes, if necessary
Adults: Instill 1 drop of 1% followed by another drop in 5 minutes; 2%
solution in heavily pigmented iris |
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Administration |
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To avoid excessive systemic absorption, finger pressure should be applied on
the lacrimal sac during and for 1-2 minutes following
application |
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Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
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No information available to require special precautions |
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Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
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No effects or complications reported |
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Patient
Information |
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May cause blurred vision and increased sensitivity to
light |
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Nursing
Implications |
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Finger pressure should be applied to lacrimal sac for 1-2 minutes after
instillation to decrease risk of absorption and systemic
reactions |
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Dosage Forms |
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Solution, ophthalmic, as hydrochloride: 0.5% (2 mL, 5 mL, 15 mL); 1% (2 mL, 5
mL, 15 mL); 2% (2 mL, 5 mL, 15
mL) |
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