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Pronunciation |
|
(an
iss oh TROE
peen) |
|
|
Generic
Available |
|
Yes |
|
|
Synonyms |
|
Anisotropine Methylbromide |
|
|
Pharmacological Index |
|
Anticholinergic Agent |
|
|
Use |
|
Adjunctive treatment of peptic ulcer |
|
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Pregnancy Risk
Factor |
|
C |
|
|
Contraindications |
|
Narrow-angle glaucoma, obstructive GI tract or uropathy, severe ulcerative
colitis, myasthenia gravis, intestinal atony, hepatic disease,
hypersensitivity |
|
|
Warnings/Precautions |
|
Drug-induced heatstroke can develop in hot or humid
climates |
|
|
Adverse
Reactions |
|
>10%:
Cardiovascular: Palpitations
Dermatologic: Dry skin
Gastrointestinal: Constipation, dry throat, xerostomia
Respiratory: Dry nose
Miscellaneous: Diaphoresis (decreased)
1% to 10%:
Endocrine & metabolic: Decreased flow of breast milk
Gastrointestinal: Decreased salivary secretion
<1%: Orthostatic hypotension, confusion, drowsiness, headache, loss of
memory, fatigue, rash, bloated feeling, nausea, vomiting, decreased urination,
weakness, increased intraocular pain, blurred vision, increased sensitivity to
light |
|
|
Overdosage/Toxicology |
|
Symptoms of overdose include blurred vision, dysphagia, urinary retention,
tachycardia, hypertension
Anisotropine toxicity is caused by strong binding of the drug to cholinergic
receptors. Anticholinesterase inhibitors reduce acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme
that breaks down acetylcholine and thereby allows acetylcholine to accumulate
and compete for receptor binding with this offending anticholinergic. For an
overdose with severe life-threatening symptoms, physostigmine 1-2 mg (0.5 mg or
0.02 mg/kg for children) S.C. or I.V., slowly may be given to reverse these
effects. |
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|
Drug
Interactions |
|
No data reported |
|
|
Mechanism of
Action |
|
Blocks the action of acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites in smooth muscle,
secretory glands, and the CNS; increases cardiac output, dries secretions,
antagonizes histamine and serotonin |
|
|
Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics |
|
Absorption: Poor (~10%) from GI tract
Elimination: Principally in urine as unchanged drug and metabolites
|
|
|
Usual Dosage |
|
Adults: Oral: 50 mg 3 times/day |
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|
Administration |
|
Administer 30-60 minutes before meals |
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|
Monitoring
Parameters |
|
Monitor patient's vital signs and I & O |
|
|
Mental Health: Effects
on Mental Status |
|
Rarely may produce confusion and memory impairment |
|
|
Mental Health:
Effects on Psychiatric
Treatment |
|
Anticholinergic effects may be exacerbated by psychotropic with
anticholinergic activity (benztropine, TCAs) |
|
|
Dental Health: Local
Anesthetic/Vasoconstrictor
Precautions |
|
No information available to require special precautions |
|
|
Dental Health:
Effects on Dental Treatment |
|
>10% of patients experience dry mouth; orthostatic hypotension
possible |
|
|
Patient
Information |
|
Dry mouth can be relieved by sugarless gum or hard candy; drink plenty of
fluids |
|
|
Nursing
Implications |
|
Monitor vital signs and I & O |
|
|
Dosage Forms |
|
Tablet, as methylbromide: 50
mg |
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